boat ranks yacht

Understanding the Yacht Crew Rankings

When it comes to the world of luxury yachts and superyachts , a well-organised and efficient crew is essential for the smooth operation and enjoyment of these magnificent vessels. Each crew member plays a vital role in ensuring that the yacht and its guests are well taken care of. To maintain order and clarify responsibilities, the yachting industry has established a hierarchical structure that outlines the ranks and positions within the crew.

Yachting Hierarchy

The yachting industry employs a range of professionals, each with their own set of skills and responsibilities. From the captain who commands the vessel to the deckhands who ensure its cleanliness, every crew member has a specific role to fulfil. Let’s take a closer look at the various ranks within the yachting hierarchy:

At the top of the hierarchy sits the captain, also known as the master. The captain is responsible for the overall operation of the yacht, including navigation, safety, and compliance with maritime regulations. Captains have extensive knowledge and experience in sailing, and their decisions hold the utmost authority on board. The captain oversees the entire crew, manages guest interactions, and ensures that the yacht operates smoothly.

First Officer

The first officer, also referred to as the chief officer, is second in command after the captain. They assist the captain in navigation, safety procedures, and crew management. The first officer is responsible for maintaining the yacht’s logbook, coordinating maintenance and repairs, and overseeing the deck crew. They often have excellent navigational skills and play a crucial role in ensuring the safety of the vessel.

Second Officer

The second officer supports the first officer in various duties, such as navigation and safety. They are responsible for maintaining the yacht’s charts and nautical publications, as well as updating navigational equipment. The second officer also assists with the management of the deck crew and contributes to the overall smooth operation of the yacht.

Chief Engineer

The chief engineer holds a crucial role in maintaining and operating the yacht’s mechanical systems. They oversee the engineering department and ensure that the engines, generators, and other technical systems are functioning optimally. The chief engineer is responsible for maintenance, repairs, and the safety of the yacht’s machinery. Their expertise is essential for the smooth functioning of the vessel.

Deckhands are responsible for various tasks related to the maintenance and cleanliness of the yacht. They assist with docking, anchoring, and handling lines. Deckhands also maintain the yacht’s exterior, including washing, polishing, and painting surfaces. They play an important role in guest services, ensuring that the decks are tidy and providing assistance as needed.

Steward/Stewardess

Stewards and stewardesses, also known as interior crew or hospitality crew, focus on providing exceptional service to the guests inside the luxury yacht or superyacht. They are responsible for housekeeping duties, including cleaning cabins, making beds, and ensuring the yacht’s interior is pristine. Stewards and stewardesses also assist with table service, bartending, and event planning. Their attention to detail and excellent hospitality skills contribute to an unforgettable guest experience.

The chef onboard a yacht is responsible for creating exquisite meals and catering to guests’ dietary preferences. They design menus, source ingredients, and prepare delicious dishes that meet the highest culinary standards. The chef’s expertise is crucial in satisfying the gastronomic desires of the yacht’s guests and creating memorable dining experiences.

Chief Steward/Stewardess

The chief steward or stewardess oversees the interior department and coordinates the work of other interior crew members. They manage the service schedule, maintain inventories, and ensure that the guests’ needs are met. The chief steward or stewardess is responsible for maintaining high standards of cleanliness, organisation, and guest satisfaction within the interior department.

Last but certainly not least is the Cadet, often a junior member undergoing training to become a licensed officer. Imagine them as corporate interns, picking up skills under the tutelage of more seasoned team members. Cadets receive practical experience in a variety of capacities, gaining the know-how and abilities required to advance within the yachting industry. The Cadet, by assimilating knowledge from seasoned professionals and contributing to the operational performance of the yacht, essentially represents the future leaders of the yachting industry. A cadetship is a great method to obtain experience and knowledge if you’re thinking about a career in the yachting industry. Our cadetship course is developed to give aspirants the tools they need to succeed in this fast-paced setting.

What is an Epaulette?

In the yachting world, epaulettes play a significant role in identifying a crew member’s rank and authority. Epaulettes are decorative shoulder pieces worn on the uniform, displaying the individual’s rank through different stripes, badges, or other markings. These distinctive insignia serve as visual cues that allow both the crew and guests to quickly identify the roles and responsibilities of each crew member.

Crew & Captains Epaulettes Guide

The design of uniform epaulettes varies depending on the rank and position within the yacht’s crew.

Captain’s Epaulette

The captain’s epaulette typically features four gold stripes, symbolising their highest rank and authority on board. This distinguished marking indicates that the captain is responsible for the overall command and operation of the yacht.

Officer’s Epaulette

The epaulettes worn by officers often display three stripes, representing their position of authority and responsibility. The specific design and colour of the stripes may vary depending on the officer’s rank, such as the first officer or second officer.

Chief Engineer’s Epaulette

The chief engineer’s epaulette usually consists of two stripes, highlighting their expertise in the engineering department. These epaulettes indicate their responsibility for the proper functioning and maintenance of the yacht’s mechanical systems.

Deckhand’s Epaulette

Deckhands typically wear epaulettes without any stripes or with a single stripe, denoting their role as support staff within the deck department. Their primary responsibilities involve assisting with various tasks related to the maintenance and cleanliness of the yacht.

Steward/Stewardess’ Epaulette

The epaulettes worn by stewards and stewardesses can vary in design depending on the yacht’s specific uniform code. They often feature a single stripe or other distinctive markings that highlight their roles in providing exceptional service to guests.

Chef’s Epaulette

The chef’s epaulette usually showcases their culinary expertise through unique markings or badges. These epaulettes signify their responsibility for creating exquisite meals and ensuring a delightful dining experience for the yacht’s guests.

Chief Steward/Stewardess’ Epaulette

The chief steward or stewardess may wear epaulettes that highlight their leadership role within the interior department. These epaulettes often feature distinctive markings or additional stripes, distinguishing them from other stewards and stewardesses.

Understanding the yacht crew hierarchy and the significance of epaulettes is crucial for both crew members and those interested in the yachting industry. The clear structure and rank system contribute to the efficient operation of superyachts and luxury yachts, ensuring that each crew member knows their responsibilities and roles. Next time you step onboard a yacht, take a moment to appreciate the expertise and coordination among the crew members, making your experience memorable and enjoyable.

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Superyacht Crew Hierarchy

by Kylie O'Brien | Jun 3, 2019 | The Superyacht Interior Department | 0 comments

Working on a superyacht is truly a wonderful experience, and I can honestly say that I have not worked in such a unique industry before or since leaving the yachting industry. The following article explains the Superyacht Crew Hierarchy in detail along with what a superyacht actually is.

What is a superyacht?

The word yacht comes from the Dutch word ‘jacht’, which means to hunt. Originally the yacht was a light and fast vessel that was used by the Dutch Navy to pursue pirates. After 1650, this developed into a luxury vessel for VIPs and was used by the Dutch Navy until 1843.

Yachts for civilians were known as ‘play yachts’. Until the 1990’s most yachts were usually under 40 metres. Over the years they have slowly become larger. Currently, the largest yacht to date is 163 metres, with a 180 metre ‘new build’ under construction at the world-renowned German shipbuilding company ‘Lurssen’.

Luxury, indulgence, elegant, expensive, bling, sumptuous, rare. The world of luxury yachting has taken off exponentially in the new Millennium. It seems the rich and famous are no longer satisfied with a mere luxury superyacht, and towards the end of the last century, the term ‘mega and ‘Giga’ yacht had come into use.

This has resulted in an increase in the demand for highly skilled crew. The years of backpacker dominated docks have been replaced by the bachelor holding hotel managers and commercially qualified professional seamen.

There is no absolute definition of this subject, so this is what I found on Wikipedia:

“The  term    luxury  yacht,  superyacht,  large  yacht  and  mega  yacht,  refers  to   the  expensive  privately  owned  yachts,  which  are  professionally  crewed.”

Who owns these superyachts?

Well, it’s no surprise that superyachts are owned by wealthy people. The superyacht industry knows no boundaries and the yacht owners come from all corners of the globe. The yacht owners are people from varying backgrounds. It is true that some owners are movie stars and celebrities.

The majority of the owners are wealthy business people, who prefer to stay away from the paparazzi and who prefer to have their identity kept secret. The yachts are used for various reasons.

Some are completely privately owned, others are for charter only, and the rest operate between these two positions. Charter prices also range from tens of thousands, through to hundreds of thousands.

The Organisational Structure

The organisational structure onboard a superyacht can best be described as being top-down and strongly hierarchical (as shown below) based upon a military model. Where positions, job duties and lines of authority are set, however, a superyacht is not the military, nor is it merchant shipping or large-scale commercial shipping like cruise liners.

Obviously, the larger yachts will have more crew with the same title and job description. Another area that may cause a little confusion is in the galley. Most yachts run with a chef or cook on a smaller yacht and only the larger super/mega yachts run with a team of chefs.

The following diagram represents clearly the formal structure by which superyachts operate. It also shows a clear separation of authority and duties of their hierarchical rank.

A Superyacht runs this way for a few reasons:

• An authoritative chain of command is implemented for safety reasons, with the Captain is the master of the vessel… the king of the castle so to speak, with the Chief Engineer and Chief Officer following closely behind with the safety of the crew and vessel in their hands.
• The middle managers follow in line to execute the commanding orders.
• Followed by the lower ranks to carry out the orders.

This diagram broadly represents the chain of command on board a superyacht (please keep in mind that this example is a general summary and yachts will differ in the organizational structure.).

The horizontal specialization of the crew is again quite obvious, with each department specializing in their relevant departments:

Engineering: Safety and smooth operational running of the vessel and hotel services.

Deck: Passage delivery, Safety, Outside housekeeping/maintenance, guest outdoor activities.

Interior: Guest wellbeing, guest control in an emergency, housekeeping, hotel management, activity planner, accounting and guest liaison.

Galley: Guest food preparation, crew food preparation, galley and store stock control, hygiene and maintenance.

Related Articles:

Work on a Yacht What Does A Superyacht Stewardess Do? What Does A Superyacht Chief Stewardess Do? How Much Does A Superyacht Stewardess Get Paid?

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Superyacht Crew Hierarchy: Understanding Roles and Responsibilities

Behind the scenes – or ‘below deck’ – on a Superyacht is a meticulously organised and skilled crew that ensures a seamless voyage for their guests. There is a distinct hierarchy onboard, where each crew member plays a crucial role in creating an unparalleled experience for the onboard guests. In this article, we delve into the Superyacht crew hierarchy, explaining everyone’s diverse roles and responsibilities – from top to bottom.

At the top of the Superyacht crew hierarchy, the Captain of a Superyacht works under the vessel’s owner or their representatives.

Ultimately, the Captain is responsible for the safe and smooth running of the ship – they are who each crew member answers to.

Their duties include (but aren’t restricted to):

• Managing admin
• Health and safety
• Compliance with maritime regulations
• Financial reporting

To reach this role, you will have to work your way up from most of the other onboard roles. Additionally, you must undertake a number of other qualifications and demonstrate a variety of knowledge and skills, including seafaring, admin, IT, health and safety, and even accounting.

Officer of the Watch (OOW)

Second in command to the Captain, the OOW is responsible for:

• Day-to-day running of the deck
• Navigation and running watches – when on passage
• Helping with the maintenance of the Superyacht
• Deck equipment inventory

Even though their duties usually go to the Captain on smaller vessels, the Purser’s role is still important.

Working under the Captain, the Purser:

• Takes care of financial matters (including accounting, purchasing food and drink, and cleaning supplies)
• Recruitment

In becoming a Purser, you need solid experience and knowledge of the Superyacht industry – as well as a STCW certificate and ENG1 Medical certificate. It’s crucial you also have numerous skills and qualifications (financial and IT related).

Chief Engineer

The Chief Engineer (as well as the 2nd Engineer working underneath) manages the Superyacht’s mechanical functioning.

Essentially, the Chief Engineer’s main responsibility is:

• Making sure the vessel’s mechanics run

For this role, sometimes starting off with Deckhand training is a good idea -it can provide a good introduction to Diesel Engine Maintenance as well as general maintenance and repairs.

Every Superyacht has a Head Chef to make sure guests relish their mealtimes throughout the course of the day! Sometimes, a Crew Chef is there to help too.

For this role, you need to complete the necessary culinary qualifications to become a chef. Experience of working as a Head or Sous Chef in a hotel or restaurant is also important, as well as the STCW Basic Safety Training certification!

The “Senior Deckhand”.

Their job is to:

• Take charge of daily cleaning and maintenance
• Drive the tenders
• Look after the Deckhands working under them

Chief Stewardess

The Chief Stewardess is in charge of:

• The Superyacht’s interior
• Service (guests must have a 5-star experience!)
• Looking after a team of Stewardesses

The Deckhand’s role is to help with deck operations.

These include:

• Maintaining and cleaning the yacht’s exterior
• Occasional security

Mostly, you answer to the Bosun.

It’s best to complete a Superyacht Deckhand course to pursue this role. Applying for a Bosun role could be your next step after a few seasons of experience with this job.

The Stewardess’ role is to:

• Help ensure guests have the best experience
• Working on the yacht’s interior
• Cabin preparation

Mostly, you answer to the Chief Stewardess.

Applying for the Chief Stewardess role could be your next step after a few seasons of experience with this job.

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Yacht crew positions : Hierarchy, Missions & Salaries explained

Like any well-run hotel, restaurant, or other luxury service, a crewed yacht needs organized structure and good management. Whether you’re staffing your own luxury vessel or looking for an exciting career working and traveling the world, you need to know how this structure works, and what you can expect to pay or earn and do in the various roles on board.

Every yacht is a little different, and organization may reflect the style of the captain or the demands of the owner. But the same jobs need to be done on almost every boat. Organized with ranks, heads of each division report to the Captain. It’s not a military-style organization, but there are parallels with merchant marine grades and structures.

Smaller yachts need fewer crew, and staff may wear multiple hats that cross more traditional divisions and may combine some jobs with others. Large yachts have more distinct divisions or subdivisions, with more specialization to divide tasks and manage staffing. The core skills are the same, but finding staff with the right blends to do the jobs is key. Crew with broader skills are highly sought after.

As a yacht owner, you shouldn’t have to worry about day-to-day management decisions or organizing all this. That’s why you have a captain, and it’s better to leave staffing decisions entirely up to him or her. But it’s still important to know what it is people you’re hiring do, why they’re there, and how many you need. You don’t want too many crew, or to be short-handed. An understanding of what your yacht needs helps you talk to the captain to keep your yacht running how you want it.

For those looking to break into yacht crew work, consider your skills and strengths, and what jobs appeal to you. You’ll need training before you work, and you can direct your job path through the training you seek. Your goal is a suitable position on a well-run yacht, so make yourself the most attractive candidate possible.

Yacht Work Life

Working on a yacht is also living on the yacht. Crew must have a space to sleep, food, and all the basics that any employee needs. Large yachts have space reserved for crew, and owners looking for quality crew should provide good working and living conditions. Your crew takes care of you, and you should take care of them.

Depending on where a yacht operates or what flag she flies, a variety of labor laws or rules may be in effect. These requirements may be for work visas, contracts and written agreements, and compliance with merchant and ship crew treaties and laws. Be prepared to have work and non-disclosure agreements between yacht and crew, though a few yachts skip this.

Seasonal Jobs

Many yacht positions are seasonal. Year-round employment is more likely for senior crew like the captain and department heads, but not all yachts see year-round use. And some yachts may use different crew in different locales between seasonal moves.

Any job listing should give seasonal information, with geographic information, the length of the season, and the prospects for year-round positions and repeat employment.

Hours, Salaries, and Expectations

Yacht crew is a service job at its core, and every yacht owner is looking for service-oriented people who understand how to deliver a hotel-quality living and restaurant-quality fine dining. Work experience in luxury hotels and restaurants is a big plus for some jobs, and makes breaking into yacht work easier.

Yacht work can be very demanding, with periods of intense work when the owner and guests or a charter party is on board. Long days aren’t uncommon, but often balance with slack time when the boat is empty of passengers. There is always work to be done, but there’s usually a chance for time off.

Most salaries are monthly, since many positions are seasonal. Pay ranges are commensurate with experience, rank, and responsibility. Private vessels usually offer higher base pay, as charter crew can earn tips on top of their base salary. Because of the demands of the lifestyle, compensation is good and you have minimal living expenses on board.

Benefits and Time Off

Because so many jobs are seasonal and may occur in different countries and locations, benefits offered to yacht crew vary widely. But it is not uncommon for crew to be offered health and accident insurance and a flight to the vessel. Living on board, you’ll get food, rooming (usually shared), basic toiletries, uniforms, and laundry. Yachts with a longer view may offer additional training to long-term prospects.

Time off is usually linked to boat use, and may be sporadic in-season or when the boat has the owner and guests on board. There will always be some time off, but it may be between very intense work periods.

Most crew jobs have an employment contract that meets the Maritime Labour Convention 2006 (MLC). This should spell out the contract period and duration, as well as salary, leave and time off, probationary periods, repatriation policies, and any other crucial details to meet the minimum international standards of crew welfare.

This contract should also contain shipboard policies on confidentiality and non-disclosures, drug and alcohol use on board, personal hygiene expectations, interpersonal relationships, and dispute resolution. Job expectations and requirements can also be included, with specific language about roles, tasks, and cooperation between divisions.

Note that all crew agreements will explicitly prohibit drug use on board, most limit alcohol consumption and ban hard liquor on board, and many boats have policies prohibiting intimate personal crew relationships. Because the crew is living on board full time and in close quarters, rules to maintain decorum and crew harmony may be in writing.

Training & Certificates

Two key certifications are required for yacht crew. Employers look for the STCW (Standards of Training, Certification and Watch-keeping for Seafarers) and the ENG1 (Seafarer Medical Certificate). Insurers generally require crew to have these two certifications or the equivalent.

The ENG1 isn’t a class. It’s a medical exam to ensure that the crew is physically fit to serve at sea and has no underlying conditions that may arise far from help. It’s best for prospective crew to secure the ENG1 before investing more time and money training.

STCW is a week-long class on the basics of onboard safety. This includes hands-on modules covering personal survival, fire safety, first aid and CPR, accident prevention, and security awareness. It needs to be refreshed every five years.

Shared, Hybrid, and Crossover Jobs

Larger vessels will have more defined duties and specific areas of responsibility. But smaller yachts may want the crew to have different roles in different situations. For example, a hybrid job description may read “3rd Engineer/Steward” and describe a role in engineering when the boat is empty but on inside crew when passengers are on board.

When hiring or seeking jobs be prepared to look for creative crossover skill sets to meet the needs of the vessel.

Extra Skills and Duties

Any extra skills outside the regular duties makes crew more attractive. From stewards who can teach yoga, give massages or play cocktail piano to deck crew who know how to water ski, SCUBA dive, or fish, anything that crew can bring to enhance the passenger experience adds value to the employee.

If you’re looking for a position, list the skills you’d be comfortable using. If a vessel owner is looking for something specific, spell it out and figure out how that special duty fits into the employee work day.

The Four Main Divisions

Most yacht crews break into four primary divisions which group related tasks and responsibilities together. While the grouping sounds like it’s by section of the boat, they’re really more functional. For example, stewards (Interior) will definitely serve meals, whether they’re in the main dining room or out on deck. Deckhands (deck) are going to be involved in painting, sanding, and varnish jobs anywhere on the boat.

The deck crew handles most of the exterior operations of the yacht, and runs it. Deck hands and crew keep the boat looking clean and shiny, and handling most vessel operations. This includes driving and operating the yacht, navigation, running all launches and ship’s craft, handling lines, and all maintenance and painting, washing, and shining.

2-Interior (or Inside)

Inside crew are primarily the stewards and housekeepers. Larger vessels will have a dedicated housekeeping staff separate from the stewards, but smaller vessels may not.

Stewards keep the interior clean, do all housekeeping, laundry, food and beverage service, cabin preparation, and anything else needed for the comfort of the passengers.

3-Engineering

Below decks, the engineering department ensures the safe and smooth running of all the ship’s machinery and electronics. Engineers are engine and systems specialists, and there will usually be a dedicated electronics expert. Most engineer jobs require professional training and certification.

Fine dining is a hallmark of the yachting experience, and a full-time galley crew prepares all meals for passengers and crew. The head chef plans the menus and provisions the boat, while junior chefs assist the head chef with meal preparation and keeping the galley spotless.

Yacht Job and Department Details

Departments are all organized in a hierarchy, with a department head reporting to the Captain. The clear chain of command makes for smooth operations, with all communications going up and down ranks. Junior staff will occasionally take instructions from other divisions as all crew is expected to help as needed. A captain or department head may organize staff differently, so reporting structures listed are guidelines only.

All salary ranges are monthly figures and are ranges based on yacht size and crew experience. Senior jobs on larger yachts have more responsibility than the same job title on yachts with smaller crews. Experienced crew are very desirable and can expect more pay for their positions.

Listed responsibilities are not exhaustive, and different yachts may allocate some jobs to different positions.

Read also: The yacht charter experience ladder

The Captain

The captain of the vessel is the overall decision maker for the yacht in all situations, including the safety of the vessel. The owner should leave the Captain responsible for operational decisions about hiring and staff and operating the ship. To become a captain requires years of experience and training, and a broad set of skills including yacht operations, personnel management, budgeting and finance. The captain works directly with the owner and owner’s representative, if the captain is not also acting as the representative.

On an organization chart, the Captain is usually placed in the deck division, but the Captain is always the senior-most crew on the yacht and all division heads report to the Captain.

Responsibilities include:

• Responsible for all navigation and running the yacht.
• Senior decision maker on all crew hiring.
• Manage repairs, refits, and yard work.
• Manage budgets and accounting. On larger yachts, this task ends more on the Purser, but the captain is always responsible.
• Ensure all paperwork, clearances, and legal requirements are completed.
• Primary contact with the owner or charter parties.

Reports to: The yacht owner

Salary Range: $6,000 to $22,000

The deckhands handle all the outside responsibilities of the ship, including cleaning and maintenance of the yacht and all the ship’s vessels and toys on board. Deck crew will have significant contact with passengers in this role, operating launches and delivering guests to and from shore and handling the toys.

All deck crew have watch responsibilities on passage, and daily responsibilities keeping the yacht pristine and clean. They will also do line handling and secure the yacht.

Deck department : Chief Mate/First Officer

The Chief Mate or First Officer is the second in command of the vessel, and left in charge when the Captain is not on board. The first mate has the requisite skills to stand in for the captain and run the yacht if needed and usually acts as the division head of the deck team.

The seamanship skills needed are similar to the Captain’s position.

• Primary safety officer for the yacht and all passengers and crew.
• Supervise and manage all operations on deck.
• Bridge watches on passage.
• Passage planning and navigation.

There may be additional mates on larger vessels, these 2nd, 3rd, etc. mates have similar responsibilities on rotation. But the first mate is senior and always second in command.

Reports to: Captain

Salary Range: $4,000 to $9,500 (First mate)

Second and more junior mates may earn $2,000 to $4,000

Deck department : Bosun

The Bosun is the senior deckhand and manages the junior hands on board. This will usually be the most experienced hand on board.

• Organizing all operations on deck.
• Coordinating the use, storing and launching of the ship’s boats, toys, and equipment.
• Managing the passerelle, watching passenger safety.
• Contact point for guest service on boats, toys, and trips to shore.

Reports to: First mate

Salary Range: $3,000 to $5,000

Deck department : Deckhands

Deckhands are constantly busy with maintenance, cleaning, polishing, and assisting guests as needed. They will assist other departments as needed or given special duties.

• Daily cleaning of the yacht’s exterior.
• Painting, varnishing, polishing.
• Line handling.
• Launching and operating dinghies and tenders.
• Repairs and carpentry.
• Helping guests as needed – everything from handling baggage and gear to embarking and disembarking.

Reports to: Bosun

Salary range: $1,300 to $3,000

Though every position on a yacht is service-oriented, the interior or inside crew provides the primary customer service. They will interact the most with the passengers daily, and they’re directly responsible for the quality of their experience on board.

Interior department : the Purser

The purser is the chief financial officer of the yacht and handles all the financial operations on board. Accounting, purchasing, payroll and hiring, and all money matters end up with the Purser. This is a senior staff position, and may be the interior department head. Smaller yachts may eliminate the purser’s job and add it to the captain’s and other senior staff duties.

Responsibilities Include:

• Accounting and bookkeeping for all financial transactions.
• Human resources and payroll.
• Handling logistics for all departments related to purchasing.
• Managing contracts.
• Event coordination, including off yacht bookings and payments.
• Primary administration of the boat’s business paperwork.
• Inventory and supply management.

Salary Range: $4,000 to $8,000

Interior department : The Chief Steward/ess

The chief steward or stewardess has primary responsibility for all service roles inside. Food and drink service, cabin preparation, and anything to do with helping the passengers be more comfortable and enjoy their stay. The chief steward will be inside crew with several years of experience.

The chief steward manages the interior staff, setting and enforcing vessel service standards. The chief steward ensures the crew delivers a five-star hospitality experience.

Chief Steward Responsibilities:

• Scheduling and training junior crew for meal and drink service and cabin preparation.
• Primary contact with guests for meals and drinks.
• Sommelier and wine service.
• Coordinate with the galley for meals and presentation.
• Decorate the interior, from flower arrangement to table settings.
• Arrange onshore activities and outings.

Reports to: Captain or Purser, depending on the yacht

Salary Range: $4,000 to $8,500

Stewards/Stewardesses

The stewards and stewardesses are the primary guest service staff. They will work closely with guests and passengers, and have daily contact with them as they meet most of their needs while on board.

Steward Responsibilities:

• Food and drink service.
• Room preparation and turndown service.
• Cleaning, polishing, housekeeping, and inside maintenance.
• Cabin detailing.
• Laundry, pressing, and folding.
• Help with outings, trips, debarkations.

Reports to: Chief Steward

Salary Range: $1,500 to $4,500

Housekeeping

Larger yachts may have a dedicated housekeeping and laundry staff. This will be part of the inside crew, under either the purser or the head steward. There may be a senior housekeeper, if there are more than one housekeeping crew on board.

Responsibilities are the cleaning and laundry portions of the steward’s job, and a laundry steward may spend most of her time inside the ship’s laundry.

An experienced Head of Housekeeping may earn from $4,500 to $7,000, while a Laundry Steward typically earns from $2,500 to $3,500.

Read also: CAN OWNING A YACHT TO CHARTER (REALLY) BE PROFITABLE?

Food service requirements on any yacht are high. Whether it’s a privately owned vessel or a charter, the expectations are always for top tier food service, with a variety of meals planned for the requirements of every passenger. Chefs and cooks prepare all meals on board for passengers and crew, but sometimes other interior crew may help with prep work or cleanup.

Smaller yachts have smaller galley crews, but the largest vessels may have an executive chef and several sous chefs. All chef positions require formal culinary training and experience, but cook positions are often entry level. Promotion from cook to chef is unusual without additional training.

Galley department : the Head / Executive Chef

On larger yachts, an Executive Chef will run the entire galley with the help of sous chefs and cooks. With an Executive Chef, there’s an expectation that the food and menus will be on a level with Michelin star-rated restaurants.

The executive chef brings a thorough understanding of food preparation and presentation, and moves food preparation past creative up to artistic. Job responsibilities are similar to a chef, but the job demands and the required experience and education are much higher.

Salary range: $7,000 to $11,000

The chef has overall responsibility for all meals on the yacht, from provisioning in remote places to hygiene and good safety. If there’s only one chef, she’s the head of the galley crew. Finding the best provisions in far away locations and making the best of local food availability is a major part of the job.

• Planning a delicious and varied menu for passengers.
• Sourcing all food and arranging transport to the yacht.
• Maintaining and operating within the galley budget.
• Preparing passenger meals with professional presentation and style.
• Cleaning and maintaining galley and galley equipment.
• Deliver menus and meals on time, while running an organized and spotless galley.

Galley department : Sous Chef

The sous chefs assist the chef in all aspects of running the galley, and may have independent assignments to plan and guest and crew meals. While not primarily responsible for provisioning, the sous chef will help with food selection, menu preparation, and planning. A sous chef must have formal culinary training.

Reports to: Head chef

Salary Range: $3,500 – $6,000.

Galley department : The Cook

Cooks may be entry-level positions or experienced, but do not require formal gastronomy education. They will assist the chef and sous chefs, cooking meals and dishes for guests and crew, helping with provisioning, and keeping the galley neat.

• Assist with provisioning and buying high-quality food from local sources.
• Follow all food handling and safety guidelines.
• Assist the head chef as needed, taking direction and guidance.
• Prepare guest and crew meals as required.
• Staying on top of galley inventories and supplies.

Salary Range: $2,500 to $3,500

Engineering

The engineering department keeps the yacht and all its systems working. Whether it’s the engines, electronics, air conditioning, or the plumbing – it’s up to engineering to keep it running.

There is considerable overlap with commercial shipping in the engineering field, as many of the same skills apply. And there is a broader range of qualifications and grades based on the size and power of the vessel. Job ratings may be set by required experience based on tonnage of ship or power of engines, with corresponding levels of pay and responsibility.

Unlike commercial shipping, engineers may get involved in other aspects of running the yacht, like helping with docking and water sports with mechanical toys.

Engineering certifications, training, ratings, experience and licensing are critical to hiring competent engineers, and for engineering crew it’s an important facet of career advancement. This is important for Chief and 2nd Engineers, which are often broken out by MCA (U.K. Maritime and Coastguard Agency) rating or other international equivalent.

MCA ratings for engineers Commercial and Private Yachts over 24m are:

Y4: Less than 200 Gross Tons and less than 1,500 kW engine power Y3: Less than 500 GT and 3,000 kW Y2: Less than 3,000 GT and 3,000 kW Y1: Less than 3,000 GT and 9,000 kW

There is also an unlimited rating for merchant vessels larger than the Y1 category. For discussing salary and responsibilities, we will include all ratings in one position description, but pay scales with the size of the yacht and any required higher ratings.

Chief Engineer

The chief engineer manages all aspects of keeping the yacht and its systems running. The chief engineer manages all the engineering staff, and directs all maintenance, repairs, troubleshooting and upgrades. This is a management position, but requires extensive hands-on technical experience and knowledge. Chief engineers on large yachts hold an MCA Y1 or Y2, smaller boats will have a lower rated chief and a smaller staff. Check  Jooble.org  to find abroad marine engineer vacancies.

• Provisioning, shopping, and stocking.
• Preparing passenger and crew meals.
• Following instructions and cooking under the direction of others.
• Galley cleaning.
• Follow food safety and storage procedures.
• Food pre-preparation.

Salary Range: $6,000 to $15,000

2nd Engineer

The second engineer is also a highly skilled position requiring a rating or license and several years of experience. This senior level engineer also needs knowledge of how to troubleshoot and maintain all yacht systems.

• Maintain and manage all engineering operations.
• Hire, train and supervise all engineers.
• Project manage all upgrades and retrofits, including managing budgets, contracts, and suppliers.
• Coordinate maintenance schedule for the entire yacht around the usage and seasonal schedules.
• Maintain costs and accounting for engineering operations.
• Design and handle all safety operations.
• Set and maintain standards for operations and cleanliness in the engine room.

Reports to: Chief engineer

Salary Range: $5,500 – $10,000

OOW (Officer of the Watch) Engineer

The OOW is a junior engineering position, but still licensed. There are two categories of OOW – MEOL (Marine Engine Operator License) and the more junior AEC (Assistant Engine Course). The overall responsibilities are similar, working to support the senior engineers and handle independent assignments. The AEC rating is entry level for licensed crew, but has training and certification.

• Support the chief in all projects.
• Maintain a clean, safe engine room.
• Perform all maintenance, troubleshooting and repair tasks as needed.
• Support motorized water sports.
• Occasionally assist with other vessel operations, like line handling.

Reports to: Chief Engineer

Salary Range, MEOL: $4,500 to $6,000 Salary Range, AEC: $2,500 to $3,500

Electronics/Technology Officer (ETO)

The ETO takes responsibility for all audio-visual and information technology on board. Ensuring passengers have access to the internet, movies, television, and music is a primary responsibility. This position carries a fair amount of passenger interaction, and an ETO needs good troubleshooting skills to go with customer service skills.

• Ensure all audio/visual and entertainment systems are always available for passengers.
• Assist passengers with personal technology and ship systems as needed.
• Conduct regular maintenance and upgrades of the network, information, and A/V systems around passenger schedules.
• Assist other engineers as needed, especially with electronic systems.
• Contribute as needed with other departments for boat and passenger operations.

Salary Range: $4,000 to $9,000

Junior Engineer

This is a lower or entry level position for someone with engineering skills but without formal licensing or certification. The junior engineer will help with safety and cleanliness, and assist in any engineering tasks as needed. The ability to solve problems and fix things opens this spot for anyone capable and willing to do the job.

• Help with cleaning, maintenance, and safety functions.
• Help anywhere needed on the yacht.
• Assist senior engineers as needed, taking direction and following instructions exactly.
• Constantly develop skills.

Read also: IS BUYING A BOAT A BAD IDEA?

Whether you are a yacht owner or considering entering this dynamic industry with an established and reliable crew, it is essential to have an understanding of the yacht’s hierarchical structure, mission priorities, and salary expectations. By doing your research on the complexity of yachting before hiring your team, you can confidently select the right group of experienced and qualified professionals for your needs. Staying up-to-date on top industry trends and knowing the capabilities of each type of yacht crew position will enable you to make sound decisions that support a safe and cost-effective journey. With quality personnel at your helm, you can cruise unhindered in luxury and explore new destinations with peace of mind.

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Typical Rank Structure of Yacht Crew

Chain of command is important on a yacht so it is good to be aware of who you will report to. Every boat is structured differently and can vary according to the size of the vessel. Let's take a look at the typical rank structure of yacht crew, onboard a 50m and 100m yacht.

50m Motor Yacht:

Captain will oversee all the boat operations

Chief Officer/Mate is the right-hand man of the captain and responsible for the exterior along with the deckhands.

Chief Stewardess is responsible for the interior, and the stewardesses will usually rotate through service, housekeeping, and laundry.

Chef will often work alone and cook for both guests and crew.

100m Motor Yacht:

Captain oversees all operations

Chief Officer/Mate responsible for overseeing the Deck Team.

Purser – the administrator of the boat. Deals with all accounting, invoicing, and embarkation documents

Large interior team that is divided in housekeeping and service and led by a head of department

Stewardess and Deckhand roles may have dual responsibilities such as Yoga Instructor and Masseuse

Can range from between 30 – 50 crew members

For more advice please visit our webpage - Green Crew or contact one our team

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Yacht Crew Hierarchy: Explained

September 5th 2023

When it comes to the world of yachting, there's more than meets the eye, especially concerning the intricate crew hierarchy onboard a superyacht. For those embarking on a yachting career or those just curious about this luxurious domain, it's helpful to grasp the various roles and rankings on these majestic vessels. Let's jump right in!

The Yacht Crew Hierarchy

Given the expansive size and high standards of superyachts, they're akin to floating luxury hotels. This means they need a stellar team of professionals to ensure everything runs seamlessly. But who takes the lead? Who reports to whom? UKSA sheds light on this. 

Deck Department : Front and center is the Captain , the main authority onboard. Directly under the captain is the Chief Officer (or First Mate), followed by the Second Officer and then the Bosun . Rounding out the team, we have the Deckhands . 

Engineering Department : Heading up this tech-savvy team is the Chief Engineer . Aiding roles include the Second Engineer , Third Engineer , and additional junior or rotational engineers. 

Interior Department : Here, the Chief Steward/Stewardess takes the reins, with support from the Second Steward/Stewardess , Third Steward/Stewardess , and the Junior Steward/Stewardess .

Titles and Positions on a Yacht

Having a grasp of the yacht crew hierarchy, let's delve deeper into the specifics of each title and their associated duties. 

Captain : This is the guiding force of the ship. Their role encompasses the safety, overall operation, and navigation. They're the main point of contact for both the yacht owner and charter guests, and they ensure all marine regulations are met. 

Chief Officer/First Mate : Think of them as the Captain's primary support. Their responsibilities include managing the deck crew, upkeeping the yacht, and filling in for the Captain as required. 

Second Officer : Their role involves assisting the Chief Officer with tasks such as navigational duties, safety drills, and supervising the deck crew. On larger yachts you will also find a Third Officer. 

Bosun : This role is pivotal in bridging the gap between Officers and Deckhands. They're tasked with deck maintenance and supporting navigational watches. 

Deckhands : Their duties range from maintaining the yacht's exterior to operating tenders and handling various deck tasks. 

Chief Engineer : They ensure all the yacht's mechanical and electrical systems function perfectly, tackling repairs and supervising the engine room. 

Second/Third Engineers : These roles back up the Chief Engineer, focusing on maintenance, repair, and problem-solving. 

Chief Steward/Stewardess : They lead the interior crew and guarantee top-quality service for guests, often coordinating with both the Captain and guests regarding daily activities. 

Second/Third Steward/Stewardess : Their day involves supporting the Chief Steward/Stewardess in guest services, housekeeping, and other duties related to the yacht's interior. 

Purser : On the larger yachts, this role dives into administrative tasks such as accounting, provisioning, and managing guest logistics. 

Chef : They whip up culinary delights, taking charge of meal planning, provisioning, and the creation of both guest and crew meals. You'll also find Second Chefs and Sous Chefs on larger yachts to support the Head Chef. 

Starting Your Yachting Journey

Curious about coming into the yachting world? Start by determining where your interests/skills lie. Whether you're tech-minded, have a flair for service, or can't wait to craft delightful dishes, there's a role for you. 

After pinpointing your desired position, it's time to get the necessary training and certifications. Entry-level roles, whether as a Deckhand or Junior Stew, offer the experience needed to climb the yachting career ladder. Collaborating with respected recruitment agencies, like SOVREN Crew , can provide guidance, job opportunities, and additional insights. 

Remember, as you explore yachting, that while understanding roles is essential, so too is fostering teamwork and mutual respect. As Dockwalk highlights, every crew member has a vital part in the yacht's operation. 

If you need anymore guidance on this topic or you have other questions you need answers to, contact our team today! 

Found it interesting? Share it with others!

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Yacht Crew Positions and Salaries

The organisational structure onboard a superyacht follows a strong hierarchy based upon a military model. Exact job duties and lines of authority are set and strictly adhered to. This hierarchy is followed on the vast majority of yachts; however, responsibilities of the crew on smaller yachts are often merged.

There are four departments on yachts with clear organisational structure:

• Deck (including Bridge) – Safety, passage delivery, maintenance of the yacht's exterior, guest outdoor activities
• Engineering – Safety and smooth operational running of the yacht
• Interior – Housekeeping, guest wellbeing, activities, accounting
• Galley – Food preparation, stock control, hygiene, galley maintenance

The top of the hierarchy on each yacht is the Captain , who reports to the yacht owner either directly, or through a representative or a yacht management company.

Salaries vary and depend on the yacht size, use, type and location, as well as the experience and qualification of the crew member. We included typical salaries of crew based on the data available from reputable industry sources, as well as our research of over 60,000 crew registered with us.

Deck Positions

The primary duty of the Captain is the overall safe manning and operation of the yacht. Yacht Captain is responsible for the vessel, yacht crew, owner and guests, including personnel management, shipyard/project management, legal and regulatory compliance, accounting, achieving owners' objectives, and answers to the owner regarding all decisions.

First Mate / Chief Officer

The First Mate or Chief Officer is the right hand of the Captain. Takes command of the yacht from Captain when required. Shares Captain's responsibilities as required.

Bosun / Lead Deckhand

Bosuns are usually experienced Deckhands with additional responsibilities. They are in charge of Deckhands onboard the yacht and often spend a lot of time with guests during outdoor activities. The Bosun is normally the main tender driver.

Responsible for the maintenance of the exterior of the yacht and keeping it in pristine condition at all times. Deckhands also assist in maintaining, cleaning and operating yacht's tenders.

Engineering Positions

Chief engineer.

Responsible for the Engineering Department and for all technical aspects of the boat and its equipment. The Chief Engineer's duties include overseeing all mechanical and electrical operations, ensuring all planned maintenance takes place and liaising with subcontractors.

Second / Third Engineer

The Second and Third Engineers report directly to the Chief Engineer. They assist in maintaining all mechanical and electrical operations of the yacht.

ETO / AV/IT Officer

Electro-Technical Officer (ETO) and AV/IT Officer are in charge of daily maintenance of all electronic, computer, audio/visual and communications equipment and their efficient operation. This includes the radio, radar, telephones, satellite communications, navigation systems, computers, Internet connection, interior equipment (TVs, sound systems), etc.

Electrician

The Electrician is responsible for maintenance of all electrical circuits onboard the vessel, circuit breakers, switches, lighting, batteries, etc.

This is an administrative position on large yachts. The Purser is responsible for all operations in the interior department, including inventory, purchasing, provisioning, accounting, organising guest activities, and assisting the Captain with the yachts paperwork.

Chief Steward(ess)

Duties are similar to those of other Steward(ess)es onboard the boat, but on a more senior level, including managing the interior department and training. Small yachts with less crew do not have a Purser. The Chief Steward(ess) is in charge of all the responsibilities normally carried out by the Purser on large yachts.

Steward(ess)

Steward's or Stewardess's main responsibility is to maintain the interior of the yacht and provide the highest standard of care to the owner and guests. They serve food and drinks, prepare guest activities, pack and unpack luggage and are on call for anything that the guests want anytime day or night. On some yachts, they help the deck crew moor the yacht.

The Head/Executive Chef onboard a luxury superyacht is a culinary trained professional responsible for the overall management of the galley department on larger yachts, including guest and crew meals, provisioning, food safety, maintaining strict hygiene standards and financial/budgetary administration.

Assists the Head Chef in all aspects of galley duties. The Sous Chef may be required to independently provide crew meals or guest meals at the direction of the Head Chef.

Crew Chef / Cook

Large yachts employ a separate crew and guest chef. The Crew chef provides meals for the crew.

Other Positions

Many yachts, especially the large ones, have several additional positions. These are often combined with primary roles, e.g. Stewardess / Masseuse or Deckhand / Dive Instructor . The most common are:

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• Maritime Personnel & Roles

Understanding Ship Hierarchies: Ranks and Roles Explained

• Posted by Primo Nautic
• Categories Maritime Personnel & Roles
• Date September 7, 2023

Last Updated on November 13, 2023

The organizational structure of a seafaring vessel is a complex and well-orchestrated system, drawing parallels to a small, self-contained government. Each ship is a unique world, with every individual bearing specific, crucial responsibilities. In this intricate ecosystem, a crew of approximately 20 skilled professionals collaborates seamlessly across three primary departments: Deck, Engine, and Catering. Each department plays a distinct role in the vessel’s overall functionality, especially during emergencies, security duties, and drills.

This detailed exploration sheds light on the diverse roles within these departments, their specific responsibilities, and the STCW (Standards of Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping for Seafarers) requirements needed to qualify for these positions.

Deck Department

The Deck Department is pivotal in a vessel’s operations, managing everything from navigation to cargo handling. The department is structured hierarchically, with each role demanding specific skills and responsibilities. The Standards of Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping (STCW) define the competencies required for each position. Let’s delve into the critical roles within this department.

Master (Captain)

The Master, or Captain, is the highest authority on board, akin to the ‘king’ of the ship. They oversee all aspects of the vessel’s operations, from navigation to administrative duties.

STCW Requirements: The Master must hold a Deck Class I Certificate of Competency, reflecting extensive knowledge and experience in maritime operations.

Duties: Prioritizing crew safety, emergency decision-making, and ensuring compliance with maritime laws and environmental regulations.

Chief Mate (First Officer)

The Chief Mate is the second in command and is responsible for cargo operations, assisting in navigation, and overseeing deck crew activities.

STCW Requirements: Requires a Deck Class II COC and Class I certificate of competency. Progression to a Master’s is possible with further exams and experience.

Duties: Supervising cargo handling, maintenance, and drills. Assists the Master in vessel operation and safety management.

Second Mate (Second Officer)

The Second Mate assists in navigation and cargo operations, ensuring the vessel’s route is planned and followed accurately.

STCW Requirements: Holds a Deck Class II certificate of competency, with the possibility of advancing to Chief Mate through additional qualifications and experience.

Duties: Navigation, updating charts and publications, and overseeing the ship’s safety equipment and lifeboats.

Third Mate (Third Officer)

The Third Mate is involved in navigation and safety, critical in maintaining watch and ensuring the ship’s compliance with safety regulations.

STCW Requirements: Requires a Deck Class III competency certification and can advance to Second Mate with experience and further certification.

Duties: Watch duties, assist in navigation, and maintain safety and firefighting equipment.

Deck Cadets are trainee officers who learn various aspects of ship operation and navigation under the supervision of senior officers.

STCW Requirements: As trainees, they are acquiring the necessary certifications and practical experience.

Duties: Assisted in navigation and deck operations, learned ship management, and performed various tasks as assigned for training purposes.

Bosun (Boatswain)

The Bosun is the senior Able-Bodied Seaman, the deck crew’s foreman, and the officers’ liaison.

STCW Requirements: While specific STCW certifications are not mandated, the Bosun typically possesses extensive experience and potentially additional safety training.

Duties: Supervise deck operations, including maintenance, painting, and cargo handling, and communicate crew issues to the officers.

Non-disabled Seaman (AB)

ABs are experienced deck crew members responsible for various maintenance tasks.

STCW Requirements: Requires basic safety training and proficiency in survival craft and rescue boats, among other qualifications.

Duties: Involves deck maintenance, equipment greasing, painting, and assisting in navigation and steering. ABs can advance to Bosun with further experience.

Ordinary Seaman (OS)

Description: The OS is an entry-level position in the Deck Department.

STCW Requirements: Basic safety training is required, with opportunities for further certification to progress in rank.

Duties: Responsible for routine deck maintenance tasks like cleaning, painting, and equipment upkeep. OSs may advance to AB with additional experience and certifications.

Each role within the Deck Department is integral to the smooth running of the vessel. The STCW sets the global standard for training and certification, ensuring that maritime professionals are well-equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge. Understanding these roles helps us appreciate the complexity and coordination required to manage a modern seafaring vessel.

Engine Department

The Engine Department is crucial for operating and maintaining all vessel machinery. This department ensures the smooth running of the engine room and other mechanical systems, which is vital for the ship’s operation. Here, we explore the Engine Department’s various roles, responsibilities, and required STCW training and qualifications.

Chief Engineer

The Chief Engineer holds the highest rank in the Engine Department. They are responsible for the overall engine room management, overseeing the operation, maintenance, and repair of all mechanical and electrical machinery on board.

STCW Requirements: Requires an Engine Class I Certificate.

Duties: Supervising the engine room staff, ensuring compliance with environmental regulations, maintaining machinery, and managing fuel consumption.

Second Engineer

The Second Engineer assists the Chief Engineer and often takes charge of the engine room during a particular watch.

STCW Requirements: Holds an Engine Class II Certificate and a Class I COC. The progression to Chief Engineer is achieved through additional exams and experience.

Duties: Overseeing daily operations in the engine room, managing repairs, and ensuring the efficient functioning of main and auxiliary engines.

Third Engineer

The Third Engineer is critical in maintaining various mechanical and electrical systems aboard.

STCW Requirements: Possesses an Engine Class II Certificate and sometimes a Class I COC, potentially advancing to Second Engineer with further experience.

Duties: Assisting in engine maintenance, overseeing specific machinery, and ensuring compliance with safety procedures.

Fourth Engineer

The Fourth Engineer is typically the most junior officer in the Engine Department and is involved in various engine room tasks.

STCW Requirements: Carries an Engine Class III Certificate, possibly holding Class II and I COC, with opportunities for promotion to Third Engineer.

Duties: Monitoring engine and machinery operations, assisting in maintenance and repair tasks, and participating in safety drills.

Engine Cadet

Engine Cadets are trainees who learn the practical aspects of engine room operations under the supervision of senior engineers.

STCW Requirements: As trainees, they are acquiring the necessary skills and certifications for future officer roles.

Duties: Learning various aspects of engine room operation, including main engine operation and bilge cleaning, under the guidance of senior officers.

Electrician

Specializes in managing and maintaining all electrical systems aboard the ship.

STCW Requirements: Although only sometimes required, electrical operations and safety training certification are standard.

Duties: Responsible for repairing generators, maintaining electrical circuits, and replacing light bulbs. They work closely under the Chief Engineer’s supervision.

I am skilled in various mechanical tasks, including gas cutting, grinding, and welding.

STCW Requirements: Generally requires technical qualifications in mechanical engineering and safety training.

Duties: Operates the lathe machine and assists with maintenance and repair in the engine room.

Primarily responsible for the lubrication of machinery in the engine room.

STCW Requirements: Basic safety and engine room familiarization courses, with potential for further certification.

Duties: Assists duty engineers with maintenance, operational watch, and machinery overhauls.

Entry-level engine room crew, focusing on cleanliness and essential maintenance.

STCW Requirements: Basic safety training, with opportunities for career progression through additional qualifications and experience.

Duties: Cleans the engine room and assists with machinery overhauls.

The Engine Department is the heartbeat of a ship’s operations. Led by the Chief Engineer, this team ensures the seamless functioning of all mechanical and electrical systems aboard. Their expertise and diligence, governed by the rigor of STCW standards, are fundamental to the vessel’s safety, efficiency, and enduring seaworthiness. This department’s role is indispensable in the grand orchestration of maritime operations.

Catering Department

The Catering Department plays a crucial role in maintaining the well-being and morale of the ship’s crew. This department is responsible for the culinary needs and housekeeping services on board. The crew members in this department ensure that all personnel are well-fed with nutritious meals and that the living quarters are kept clean and comfortable. Let’s explore the critical roles within the Catering Department.

Description: The Chief Cook prepares meals for the entire crew. This role is vital on ships with multinational crews, as the cook must cater to various dietary preferences and cultural culinary styles.

STCW Requirements: Generally includes food handling, safety training, and basic safety training under STCW.

Duties: Menu planning, food preparation, maintaining kitchen hygiene, and inventory management of provisions.

Description: The Steward assists the Chief Cook and maintains cleanliness and order in the officer’s mess and cabins.

STCW Requirements: Basic safety training, with additional courses in hospitality and housekeeping preferred.

Duties: Assists in meal preparation, especially in cutting and cleaning vegetables; serves meals to officers; and maintains cleanliness in the living quarters.

While often less highlighted than those in the Deck or Engine departments, these roles are vital for a ship’s smooth and efficient operation. The Catering Department ensures the crew’s health and comfort, directly impacting the overall morale and functionality of the ship. The STCW standards provide guidance and training frameworks to equip these professionals with the skills needed to excel in their roles.

The structured hierarchy of roles aboard a ship, encompassing the Deck, Engine, and Catering Departments, forms the backbone of maritime operations. Each department, with its distinct functions and responsibilities, operates in a coordinated manner to ensure the vessel’s safety, efficiency, and the well-being of its crew.

The Deck Department, led by the Master, focuses on navigation, cargo handling, and overall vessel management. The Engine Department, under the Chief Engineer’s guidance, ensures the mechanical and electrical systems’ smooth functioning. The Catering Department, though often understated, plays a vital role in maintaining crew health and morale through food and hospitality services.

Adherence to the Standards of Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping (STCW) across all these departments ensures that crew members are skilled and compliant with international safety and operational standards. This adherence underscores modern maritime operations’ commitment to safety, efficiency, and environmental responsibility.

Understanding these roles and their interdependencies highlights the complexity of maritime life and the importance of every crew member’s contribution. It’s a system that requires technical expertise, dedication, teamwork, and a deep understanding of the maritime world. In essence, a ship is more than just a vessel navigating the seas; it’s a microcosm of society, where every role, from the Captain to the Steward, plays a part in the seamless journey across the world’s oceans.

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Yacht Dreaming

What Are the Different Ranks in Yachting?

Yachting can be an exhilarating experience, but it’s important to understand the different roles involved. Knowing the different ranks in yachting can help you make the most of your time on the water. From the captain or skipper to the deckhands, engineer, and first mate, each role is important in ensuring a successful excursion. Knowing the expectations and responsibilities of each will help you make the most of your yachting experience.

Different Ranks in Yachting

If you want to join the world of yachting, it is important to understand the different ranks and roles on board. The captain or skipper is the leader of the yacht, responsible for the safety and well-being of everyone aboard.

Deckhands are responsible for duties like cleaning, maintenance, and repairs. An engineer is in charge of engine maintenance and repairs, as well as ensuring the yacht has enough fuel for its journey. The first mate is the captain’s assistant, providing support with navigation, safety, and other tasks.

It is essential to have a good understanding of these ranks and roles before embarking on a yachting journey. Being a captain is a great responsibility, and the person in this position must have the necessary qualifications and experience.

Deckhands should be physically fit and willing to carry out all the necessary duties. An engineer needs to be knowledgeable and confident in dealing with engine maintenance and repairs.

The first mate needs to have a good understanding of navigation and safety regulations. If you are serious about yachting and want to give it a try, it is important to familiarize yourself with the different ranks and roles on board. There are qualifications, experience and skills needed for each role, so make sure you do your homework and understand what is required before taking the plunge.

Captain or Skipper

As the captain of a yacht, you will have the ultimate responsibility for the yacht and its crew. You will need to be knowledgeable and confident in decision making, as well as have strong leadership and communication skills.

You will be responsible for the navigation and safety of the vessel, as well as leading the crew and managing any passengers. It is important to remember that as the captain, you are ultimately responsible for the success of the voyage and the safety of everyone on board, so it is important to be confident and organized. Being the captain of a yacht is a big responsibility and should not be taken lightly.

You should be competent in all aspects of the boat, from mechanical to navigation, and you should be comfortable with the safety and emergency protocols in place.

You should be able to work well with people, as you will be responsible for leading your crew. It is important to stay organized and be able to delegate tasks as needed. With strong communication and leadership skills, you can ensure the success of your voyage.

Deckhands are the most integral part of the yachting team, responsible for the day-to-day maintenance and operation of the ship. They perform important tasks such as fueling, cleaning, painting, anchoring, and unloading.

Deckhands must also keep a lookout for any hazards and report them to the captain. This requires a lot of knowledge and skill, as well as being physically fit and able to take direction. Deckhands must be able to work well in a team and have good communication skills.

It’s important to be organized and have the initiative to complete tasks in a timely manner. Deckhands must stay professional, be punctual, and demonstrate enthusiasm and enthusiasm for the job.

As an engineer on a yacht, you are responsible for the maintenance and upkeep of the boat’s systems, including the engine, electronics, plumbing, and more. You need to be familiar with each of these systems and how they all work together, so you’ll need to have a good understanding of marine engineering. It’s also important to be able to troubleshoot and repair any issues that might arise.

You’ll likely be working alongside the captain, first mate, and deckhands and will need to be able to take direction and communicate effectively with the rest of the crew. When it comes to the engine, you’ll need to be able to perform regular maintenance and servicing, as well as make sure it’s running efficiently.

You’ll also need to be able to diagnose and repair any issues that arise.

You’ll need to be familiar with the boat’s navigational systems and navigational instruments, so you’ll need to have a good knowledge of marine electronics. You’ll need to be able to take responsibility for the boat’s safety and make sure that all the systems and equipment are in good working order.

You’ll also need to be able to act quickly in an emergency situation. Being an engineer on a yacht is a demanding role, but it’s also very rewarding. It takes a lot of knowledge and skill, but it’s an incredibly rewarding job.

The First Mate is often second in command, responsible for navigation and the safety of the crew. They are also responsible for supervising deck crew with tasks such as mooring, anchoring and sail handling.

They must be knowledgeable in navigation, meteorology and seamanship. If a captain is not available, the First Mate will be in charge of the vessel and responsible for the safety and security of the yacht and crew.

The First Mate should be knowledgeable in marine rules and regulations, and have a valid Master of Yachts (CY) license, as well as holding an RYA/MCA Yachtmaster Offshore (YMO) certificate. They should have good communication and people skills, as well as the ability to lead and make quick decisions when necessary. They should also have good problem-solving skills.

The First Mate is an important role for the safety and wellbeing of the crew, and should be well versed in marine safety responsibilities. They need to be able to assist the Captain in the navigation and manoeuvring of the yacht, as well as responding to emergencies on board. They should be a reliable and trustworthy leader, capable of managing and motivating crew.

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The Full List of Yacht Crew & Staff

Published on November 22, 2016

Working on board a super yacht is a fascinating career.  Life at sea, whilst demanding can be an extremely lucrative and exciting career path. But do you know the full list of yacht crew and staff? And what it takes to work on a yacht?

Whilst it is more suited to the younger generations, the process and types of crew involved with running these magnificent vessels is impressive.

Of course, the types of staff required for each vessel vary depending on the size of yacht and the type of yacht.  In the super yacht world, it is likely that a large number of the below crew will be involved for each yacht. Wow, the staff required to operate a yacht... Share on X

Here is an overview of the crew involved in building, maintaining, and running these floating mansions: 

As captain it is you are responsible for the crew, guests and vessel. Every crew member and even visiting guests fall under your command and you have the final say on all yacht decisions.  Alongside your qualifications , expect to be paid a high salary in return for your professional service.

Captain/Engineer – A multi-faceted role, this combines the skills of captain with Engineer.  A highly sought-after type of crew, they will straddle the skills for both captaining the boat and ensuring engineering issues are dealt with whilst at sea.

1st Officer – Sometimes known as Chief Officer or Chief Mate is second in command to the Captain and manages all the deck crew including the Bosun, Deckhand and any second or third officers.  You would be required to undertake bridge duty and thus have a good range of qualifications and skills.

2nd Officer – Is the second-ranking position to the 1st Officer.  You would require a good level of qualifications   and skills to achieve this position.  A 2nd Officer may also be designated in additional areas such as security, medical, or safety, depending on background and specific skills.

3rd Officer – Is the third-ranking position to the 2nd Officer.  Qualifications and skills as per the other officer roles are required.

Chase Boat Captain – A chase boat  is a vessel which does not live on the main yacht and often has their own crew. These can be towed, driven separately, or berthed in a convenient location.

Chase boats are becoming very popular due to restrictions in tender garage space.  As the name would suggest this role refers to the captain who is in charge of the chase boat and subsequent crew.

O.O.W (Officer On Watch) – This is a deck officer in charge of keeping watch on the ships bridge and overseeing navigation whilst on duty.  The OOW ensures the ship complies with all COLREGS and safety protocols.  This position requires additional qualifications in order to help perform the said duties.

Bosun  – Sometimes referred to as the Leading Hand or Senior Deckhand, the Bosun is an experienced deckhand most likely able to take on additional and extra responsibilities.  They tend to be the main tender driver and take additional responsibilities in security.  Like a deckhand, less qualifications are required, but flexibility and the ability to take direction and blend into the team environment is very important.

Lead Deckhand – As the name suggests, the Lead Deckhand will be in charge of the other deckhands.  Generally, only found onboard yachts where more than one deckhand is required, this is a position of responsibility. Ultimately the buck stops with the lead deckhand, so it takes a strong personality and adaptive approach to get the job done regardless of the day or hour!

Security Officer – Super yachts are valuable and expensive items, so a dedicated security officer is commonplace.  Spending 60 million on a superyacht is considered to be a mid-level purchase in the superyacht world!

Security officers are often employed to take control of all aspects of security, from when the yacht is moored in the bay (and the crew depart for downtime) through to being moored on land.  This position is suited to close protection and military background candidates with specific qualifications in security.

Commercial  Shipping Master – This is a phrase referring to a Captain of a commercial shipping vessel.  They are in essence the captain of the boat (see captain) but will typically be in charge of commercial operations rather than private or chartered yachts and super yachts.

Professional Race Crew – These are unique and exceptional individuals, with a strong background in shipping.  Race crew members require a high level of qualification and ability to focus whilst leading the crew and vessel to compete in international competitions.

Purser – Is in charge of the interior and financial matters in accordance to the ship.  Normally found on large yachts and superyachts, the Chief Steward will report to the purser.  Due to the amount of admin required a strong background of accounts and bookkeeping is required.

Chief Steward/ess – Will be the most experienced member of the Steward team.  They will often be in charge of recruiting and training less senior members of the team.  The chief steward should have the ability to think ahead, plan for every possibility and focus on the finishing touches and detail required for the very highest standard of service. Yachting qualifications and a proven history of working onboard large yachts are required for this position.

2nd Steward/ess – Second in command to the Chief Steward, the 2nd steward is in charge of all duties as requested by their superior.  The 2nd steward ensures interiors, housekeeping, laundry and the presentation of the vessel is spotless.  Their duties may include anything from childcare (if required) to pet care.  They work closely with the crew to ensure that the guest and clients experience onboard is perfect.

Steward/ess – A role found onboard every yacht or superyacht, the steward is in charge of client experience.  From housekeeping through to food and drink service, the steward helps with all aspects of running the yacht.  Stewardesses are expected to work long hours and have a good, positive and flexible attitude.

Stew/Deck – This is a combined role between a Steward and Deck crew member.  This role straddles both the interior and exterior of the yacht and is a popular choice when needing additional staff on board.

Solo Steward/ess – Typically found on much smaller vessels, the solo steward will be the only steward on board.

Head Chef – Is perhaps one of the most important roles on board. The right chef is the key to a successful crew and perfect guest experience.

A head chef must have a wide range of culinary experiences, and be able to take part in the service for the guests if required, including Silver Service , Buffet Service and Fish filleting at the table.

Sous Chef   /2nd Chef – The assistant to the head chef, the sous chef will help the Head Chef with all cooking duties and also cook for the crew of the yacht.  Often this role is combined with a steward position, but on the larger vessels this may be a self-contained role (see Cook/Stew).

Cook/Stew – This role combines cooking with steward duties.  Assisting the head chef, and then performing standard Steward duties (see Steward).

Cook – This position is suited to an individual who is less experienced as a chef but enjoys cooking.  This would be a candidate who is happy to cook for the crew and guests (if required),and will be often used during off duty hours (for example if the chef is sleeping).  Generally, not an individual role (unless the yacht is very big), this is a good skill for any of the main crew to have on their CV.

Head of Housekeeping – Often this role is found in the larger vessels or commercial cruises, this person would be in charge of housekeeping and be a specialist in this subject.  They would oversee the duties and work closely with the Chief Stew.

Laundry Personnel – This may be a crew member with additional skills in laundry, or on the bigger vessels this may be a dedicated role.  This role is typically found more in commercial shipping where the cruise ships require a huge amount of laundry each day at sea.

Beauty/Spa therapist – This is a role-specific with skills in line with beauty and holistic treatments.  Superyachts will generally have an area for pampering and your role on the vessel is to satisfy the client’s needs.  You would need to have traditional therapist qualifications , along with your yachting qualifications.  It is often common to combine the role of 1st Officer/2nd Officer with a combination role.

Masseuse – Involved in the beauty/spa area onboard, the masseuse role is to relax and treat the guests at their leisure.  From sports massage through to Swedish and reflexology, a range of massage techniques is preferred.  Again, this role can be combined with the Beauty/Spa therapist (depending on the size of the yacht) and can also be combined with main crew duties.

Fitness Trainer – Roles specific for personal trainers or fitness coaches, these team members would work with the guests in the dedicated gym areas helping with fitness goals whilst at sea.  These might be specific training programmes or general conditions.  Again, this role might be a combined role with other crew duties.

Nurse – An important role, particularly if the yacht doesn’t have facilities for helicopter landing.  Qualifications must be in line with medical guidelines, and the nurse or Doctor should have ability to cope with a wide range of illness and ailments.  Up to date First Aid and yachting qualifications will also be expected.  Again, this role can be combined with the main crew duties.

Engineering

Chief Engineer – This member of the team is required to oversee and ensure that the electrical and engineering of the yacht is operating without issues.  They should be flexible and willing to help fix not only important problems, but even be willing to help fix a broken toilet!

At sea the right part might not be immediately accessible, so an engineer should be able to troubleshoot and think outside the box.

2nd Engineer – Second in command to the Engineer, the 2nd engineer assists and helps with all duties around the maintenance of the vessel.

3rd Engineer – Third in command to the Engineer.

ETO (Electrician Technical Officer) – Normally employed on larger vessels where the support is required.  They report to the Chief Engineer.

Electrical Engineer – Again this role is similar to the ETO.  Reporting to the Chief Engineer and holding qualifications in Electrical maintenance.

Pilot – For the larger vessels, commercial and cruise yachts, access to the vessel is often by air (helicopter or seaplane).  The larger vessels may well have their own aviation permanently stationed on the yacht, and in turn a pilot is required to fly the appropriate aircrafts.

Shore Based

Admin – As the title suggests this team will manage the administration, HR and paperwork of the yacht.  Working closely with the purser onboard and with the owner of the vessel, ensuring that the specific operation of the yacht is always managed correctly.

Admin will be closely linked to the Captain, Purser and Chief Steward on the yacht and will involve a whole host of specialised skills from graphic designers through the tech, online support teams.

PA – This role is suited to a highly organised and efficient team member.  Working closely with the admin team and the crew onboard the yacht.

Villa Staff – As the name would suggest, this would encompass a wide range of shore-based staff to work within the villa’s typically frequented by the yacht.  This could range from a Butler through to Nanny, Housekeeper, Chauffeurs etc.

Contract Workers

Alongside the main crew of the yacht, there are contract workers who are brought in for yacht maintenance. As and when this might be required.  These roles are self-explanatory. And they all work to ensure that the yacht is maintained. Any repairs are done efficiently when the yacht is in port or moored for the day.

Roles include: Day Worker, Varnisher, Painter, Spray Painter, Carpenter. Shipwright, Metal Fabricator, Welder, Rigger, Laminator, Electrician. Electrician Expert, Sail Maker, Project Manager. Customer Service Staff and Catering Staff.

How Polo & Tweed Can Help

Did you find this full list of yacht crew & staff helpful? And would you like to work on a yacht? Get in touch with us! Polo & Tweed regularly source and place the finest yacht crew around the world.  If you are interested in registering with us or are looking to recruit your new crew members, please don’t hesitate to get in touch with us.

Impartial training and careers advice

Call us: +441983 280 641

+441983 280 641

• The Superyacht crew hierarchy explained

When you first start looking for Superyacht crew jobs, you’ll most likely be considering becoming a Deckhand or Stewardess.

These are two of the most popular entry point roles into a Superyacht career, and – as we never tire of saying here at Flying Fish – promise an abundance of benefits and incredible experiences!

Of course, these are not the only Superyacht crew jobs on offer, and if you are about to or have completed your Deckhand or Stewardess training, you may be wondering what other kinds of crew members you’ll be working with.

What’s just as important to know however is the hierarchy of those crew members; not only so that you know who to report to in different situations, but so that, if you want to progress your career beyond the Deckhand or Stewardess role, you’ll have an idea of the best path to take!

To help you out, we’ve outlined the hierarchy of a Superyacht crew for you below…

Depending on the size of the Superyacht, the hierarchy of a Superyacht crew goes something like this:

Working under the owner of the Superyacht or the owner’s representatives, the Captain of a Superyacht is responsible for the safe and smooth running of the ship – so he or she is who you will ultimately need to answer to!

The duties of the Captain go beyond navigation and the sailing of the vessel to managing admin, health and safety, ensuring compliance with maritime regulations, financial reporting and much more.

If you’re looking to become a Superyacht Captain yourself, you’ll need to have worked your way up from the majority of the other roles in this blog, as well as undertake a number of other qualifications and be able to demonstrate a variety of knowledge and skills, including seafaring, admin, IT, health and safety, and even accounting.

2. Officer of the Watch (OOW)

The OOW is second in command to the Captain and is responsible for the day-to-day running of the deck, as well as taking care of navigation and running watches when on passage.

They’ll also have a significant hand in the maintenance of the Superyacht, as well as being in charge of the deck equipment inventory.

If this is a role you’d like to progress to, there are several different paths you can take, all of which we’ve shared in our blog “ Becoming an Officer of the Watch (OOW) ”.

This is one of the lesser-known roles on a Superyacht (as their duties will usually fall to the Captain on smaller vessels), but is nevertheless important!

In brief, the Purser works under the captain, taking charge of financial matters on the Superyacht (e.g., accounting, purchasing food, drink and cleaning supplies etc.), as well as taking care of HR and recruitment.

In fact, they may well be one of the first people you meet when you begin applying for Superyacht crew jobs!

In order to become one, you’ll need to have sound knowledge and experience of the Superyacht industry, and have a range of financial and IT skills and qualifications under your belt on top of your STCW certificate and ENG1 Medical certificate.

4. Chief Engineer

A Superyacht is a vast and complex vehicle – so, as well as Deckhands taking care of its exterior, it also needs someone to manage it’s mechanical functioning – and that’s where the Chief Engineer comes in!

In a nutshell, the Chief Engineer (and the 2nd Engineer who works under him/her) are responsible for ensuring that every aspect of the Superyacht’s mechanics runs without a hitch.

If Chief or 2nd Engineer is a role you’d like to pursue, starting off with Deckhand training is a good choice, as it will provide you with a good introduction to Diesel Engine Maintenance and general maintenance and repairs.

5. Head Chef

A Superyacht holiday wouldn’t be complete without delicious meals for guests to enjoy. Every Superyacht therefore has an appointed Head Chef to take on the role of providing these to the highest possible standard throughout the day.

To become a Head Chef on board a Superyacht, you’ll need to have completed all the necessary culinary qualifications to become a chef and have comprehensive experience of working as a Head or Sous Chef in a hotel or restaurant. You’ll then also need to have your STCW Basic Safety Training certification on top!

Working as a Crew Chef (working under the Head Chef and making meals for all the members of the Superyacht crew) is a great entry point into this role.

“Bosun” is another term for “Senior Deckhand.” Their role is to take charge of daily cleaning and maintenance tasks, as well as drive the yachts tenders and (if on a larger boat requiring more crew) look after the Deckhands working under them.

After a few seasons of experience and proven hard work and dedication as a Deckhand, you’ll be in a great position to apply for a Bosun job!

7. Chief Stewardess

The Chief Stewardess is in charge of the Superyacht’s interior, including laundry and service. It is their duty to ensure that guests on board have a five-star experience around the clock! Like the Bosun, the Chief Stewardess will also be in charge of looking after a team of Stewardesses, depending on the size of the boat.

Again, as with a Deckhand, after a few seasons working as a committed and stand-out Stewardess, the Chief Stewardess role will be within easy reach.

8. Deckhand

The role of the Deckhand is to maintain and clean the exterior of the yacht to ensure that it is in perfect condition at all times.

The Deckhand is also involved in other deck operations , mooring, anchoring and sometimes security.

This, along with the Stewardess, is at the bottom of the Superyacht hierarchy, and is best pursued after the completion of a Superyacht Deckhand course .

9. Stewardess

As a Stewardess, you’ll be assisting the Chief Stewardess to ensure that guests on board the Superyacht enjoy only the best possible experience.

This involves working on the interior of the yacht, including service, cabin preparation and providing guests and owners with whatever they need.

Although you can work as a Stewardess without any prior experience (same as a Deckhand), it’s always a good idea to undertake a Superyacht Stewardess course first and gain a number of other skills to give you the upper hand when applying for roles!

How much money do these crew members earn?

Once again, depending on the size of the Superyacht, salaries can vary in these different roles. You can find out more about this in our Superyacht salary guide.

In sum, the hierarchy of Superyacht crew jobs is straightforward – but offers a wealth of exciting career possibilities to the most dedicated of seafarers!

If you can see yourself taking up an office on the ocean and climbing the Superyacht career ladder, be sure to take a look at our Superyacht training courses at Flying Fish.

After just two weeks of Deckhand or Stewardess training, you’ll have everything you need under your belt to impress yacht crew agencies (such as YPI Crew and Insignia Crew ) and take that very first step into a truly rewarding and memorable career!

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Blog News » Human Capital

Maritime Ranks: Understanding the Hierarchy on Board a Ship

Working on a ship involves a strict hierarchy, and each role is defined by a specific rank. This hierarchical structure helps to maintain order and ensure the smooth operation of the ship. In this post, we'll take a look at the different maritime ranks and the responsibilities they entail. For furthe info check out the STCW International Convention.

Master or Captain The captain, also known as the master, is the highest authority on board the ship. They are responsible for the overall operation of the vessel and the safety of the crew and passengers. The captain makes all major decisions, from navigating the ship to handling emergencies.

Chief Officer or First Mate The first mate, also known as the chief officer, is the second-in-command on the ship. They assist the captain with navigation and oversee the day-to-day operation of the ship. The first mate is also responsible for supervising the deck department and ensuring that all deck-related tasks are carried out efficiently.

Second Officer or Second Mate The second mate, also known as the second officer, is responsible for navigation and maintaining the ship's charts and nautical publications. They also assist the first mate with supervising the deck department.

Third Officer or Third Mate The third mate, also known as the third officer, is responsible for maintaining the ship's safety equipment, such as lifeboats and firefighting equipment. They also assist the first and second mates with navigation and deck-related tasks.

Deck Cadet Deck cadets are trainees who are learning about the operations and responsibilities of a ship. They work under the supervision of the senior officers and are given a variety of tasks to perform, including navigation and deck maintenance.

Engine Officer Ranks There are several engine officer ranks, including the chief engineer, second engineer, and third engineer. These officers are responsible for the ship's propulsion system, electrical generation and distribution, and refrigeration and air conditioning.

Ratings Ratings are the non-commissioned crew members who perform the manual tasks on the ship. This includes tasks such as painting, cleaning, and assisting with the loading and unloading of cargo. There are several different ratings, including able seaman, oiler, and wiper.

In conclusion, the different maritime ranks play a crucial role in the smooth operation of a ship. Each rank has specific responsibilities, and the hierarchy helps to ensure that tasks are performed efficiently and effectively. Whether you're a seasoned mariner or just starting your career in the maritime industry, it's important to understand the different maritime ranks and the roles they play on board a ship.

Looking to join the amazing Maritime world? Check out our Training Services category for the top-rated schools and training services in the industry!

Types of Sailors

Sailing titles are used to denote the different types of sailors and their duties.

In this article, we'll cover the different types of sailors, their duties, and the origins of these titles. We'll also go over situations in which you're likely to find these different types of sailors. We’ll also explain the concept of rank aboard ships, along with why it’s important.

The most well known types of sailors are the captain, officers, engineers, navigators, deckhands, able and ordinary seamen, and cadets. Other titles, such as the bosun and the helmsman, are also common.

This article is based on historical records and navy training manuals, along with commonly-accepted modern sailing terminology.

Table of contents

Shipboard Titles Explained

The title assigned to a sailor generally reflects that sailor's duty aboard a ship. In many cases, the same titles apply in the navy as they do on commercial and recreational vessels. The majority of commonly-used sailor titles date back to the sailing days of the British Royal Navy.

Terms such as coxswain date back even further to the era of old english, which is a form of the language that would be completely unrecognizable today. More modern marine titles, such as oiler and engineer, date from the 19th and 20th century and the dawn of the steam era. These types of sailors are generally not present on recreational sailing vessels, but they are found on tall ships with diesel auxiliaries.

Common Types of Sailors

Here is our list of the most common types of sailors, their duties, and general command ranking aboard a typical ship. When it comes to authority, the same general principles apply on both civilian and military vessels.

The captain, also known as the master, shipmaster or ship captain, is the commander of the ship and its highest-ranking individual. The captain may not own the ship, but it's 'his' ship while he's aboard.

It's the captain's job to direct the ship and manage all of its operations. On a sailboat, the captain is responsible for complying with regulations and navigating, along with steering and trimming the sails if the crew is small.

2. First Mate

The first mate, or chief officer, is second in command below the captain. The first mate is often charged with commanding the vessel when the captain is sleeping, ill, or otherwise absent.

3. Second Mate

The second mate, or second officer, is third in line for command of the vessel should the captain and first mate be absent. The second mate sometimes also serves as the boatswain or deck officer.

4. Third Mate

The third mate is the fourth highest-ranking officer aboard a ship. This officer is often tasked with overseeing and upkeeping the ship's emergency systems, such as lifeboats and firefighting equipment.

Sometimes, the third mate also works as a morale officer or deck officer. This sailor is generally tasked with all of the extra 'important' duties that the other officers can't do.

5. Navigator

The navigator is responsible for plotting the course of the boat. Navigators are well versed in the use of charts, GI'S navigation systems, and other tools. Navigators understand how to read the various labels on charts, such as depth and channel location.

Navigators are also responsible for relaying information to the captain, who ultimately decides the course and speed of the boat.

A pilot is similar to a navigator, but a pilot doesn't usually stay aboard the boat. Pilots are navigators who are highly familiar with challenging waters, such as busy harbors or shallow shipping channels. Pilots are also known as harbor pilots.

In some cases, a vessel will take a navigating pilot aboard before traversing hazardous waters. Once through the area in question, the pilot usually disembarks and makes additional trips to other vessels.

7. Engineer

Engineers have multiple titles aboard ships, and they also serve multiple duties. The primary duty of ship's engineers is to operate and maintain the engine and its systems. The Chief Engineer is in charge of the operation.

Chief Engineers often have several other engineers working under them. Many larger sailing vessels have at least one engineer on board, as these vessels almost always have inboard propulsion and auxiliary engines.

On some vessels, engineers don’t just focus on the engines. They can be tasked with operating, maintaining, and repairing everything from anchor windlasses to electrical systems in the galley. Whenever machines are involved, there’s a good chance that an engineer will be responsible for it.

8. Boatswain

The term 'boatswain' is derived from old english, and it refers to the person responsible for managing the vessel's deck, hull, and crew. Alternative terms for the boatswain include petty officer, deck officer, and bosun.

The boatswain will often have people working under them known as boatswain's (or bosun's) mates. The responsibilities of the boatswain mirror that of a shop foreman or general manager.

9. Helmsman

The captain isn't always responsible for steering the boat. This is especially true on larger vessels with a crew of 20 or more. In the case of larger boats, the helmsman is responsible for steering and keeping the vessel on course. The helmsman takes direct orders from the captain usually in the form of (direction) then (compass degrees).

Keeping the vessel on course is actually quite challenging, as boats never track completely straight courses. The helmsman must be delicate and skilled, as they're often tasked with making constant and minute side-to-side course corrections.

10. Coxswain

This term has fallen out of favor in many parts of the world, though it's still used in the sport of rowing. On ships, the coxswain is generally tasked with the command of small auxiliary boats, such as a launch, lifeboat, or a barge. The United States Coast Guard uses the term to describe the commander of any small boat.

11. Officer

There are numerous kinds of officers aboard ships of all sizes. e The term 'officer' is used broadly to denote a sailor of high rank. The term applies across the scale from junior officers all the way up to commanding officers (captains).

Officers achieve their ranks either through training, experience, or merit-based promotion. On most ships, officers receive higher pay, better amenities, and authority in exchange for additional authority. Officers are often held directly responsible for the people or equipment they're tasked with managing.

12. Signalman

The signalman is responsible for just that--signalling. The signalman communicates with other ships using maritime flags or lights. The signalman must have an in-depth understanding of signal flags, morse code, and other forms of marine communication. On smaller vessels, the signalman sometimes doubles up as the communication officer, and uses radios and other systems.

13. Deckhand

Deckhands are general-purpose sailors who perform a wide range of tasks. These sailors do everything from hoisting sails to preparing meals, depending on the size and type of boat. A deckhand is usually the lowest-ranking and least experienced member of the crew, though the tasks they perform are essential. Deckhands are entry-level sailors who often have numerous opportunities for promotion as they gain experience.

14. Able Seaman

An able seaman is typically a rank up from ordinary seaman. In other words, it’s the first promotion or level-up that a sailor receives. Generally speaking, an able seaman is an entry-level crew member with about two years of experience aboard ships. These sailors perform numerous general tasks aboard ships, though they enjoy more authority than the lowest-ranking seamen.

An able seaman and an ordinary seaman perform many of the same tasks. These include cleaning, painting, rigging, and general maintenance. However, an able seaman may escape some of the more tedious and arduous tasks aboard a ship.

15. Ordinary Seaman

An ordinary seaman is another entry-level position on a boat, and they perform basic tasks. Ordinary seaman responsibilities include cleaning, painting, repairing machinery, polishing brass, moving heavy objects, and other miscellaneous tasks as needed.

Like deckhands, ordinary seamen start at the bottom but have opportunities for advancement. Sometimes, the term 'deckhand' is used interchangeably with ordinary seamen.

The term 'cadet' is primarily used by the Navy and the Coast Guard, though some sailing organizations also use the term. A cadet is a trainee or inexperienced sailor who comes aboard and participates (usually in a limited capacity) in shipboard duties. Cadets are the lowest-ranking sailors aboard a ship.

Cadets of various navies were once commonly sent into actual combat, though this practice has disappeared in the West for obvious reasons. Cadets are usually a year or two younger than the minimum crew age, though sometimes they're adults who are extremely novice and lack hands-on experience. Cadets graduate and become official crew members after a certain period of time.

Why do Sailors have Different Ranks?

Sailors aboard private vessels, commercial vessels, and warships have ranks. The rank of a sailor determines his or her position in the hierarchy of command. The reason why ships are strict with command structure is because of the complex and hazardous nature of moving a large object through the water.

Picture a ship approaching dangerously close to a shoal. Which situation is better: two people arguing about whether to turn to port or starboard or one person immediately ordering starboard and the helmsman executing the order immediately? While the system may seem rigid and unfair, it evolved over a thousand years based on real-world experiences at sea.

With a rigid command structure, decisions can be made and implemented reliably and at a moment’s notice. This is especially important on the water, where conditions can change rapidly and become hazardous. Rank is also based on experience, as many shipboard skills can only be learned through years of real-world learning. In other words, it can’t be taught in a classroom.

Additionally, command structures dictate who is responsible for the many upkeep tasks onboard a ship, along with who is liable for error, damage, or injury. Due to the scale of the problems that ships can cause, someone needs to be ultimately responsible for everything that happens.

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How to Get a Job as a Yacht Captain

Kate got her start in the yachting industry working as crew. She spent five years cruising the Bahamas, Caribbean, New England, and Central America, then segued that experience into a career in marine journalism, including stints as editor of  Dockwalk  and  ShowBoats International .

The role of a captain is cut out for those with a deep love of the sea and who don't shy away from responsibility. If you’re an experienced first mate or a bosun itching to take the helm, here’s everything you will need to become a yacht captain...

The most common path to a yacht’s wheelhouse is by rising through the ranks in the yachting industry, starting on deck and building sea time, gaining boat handling and geographical experience, and accruing licenses. But even after the golden ticket is earned — that 500GT or 3,000GT Master license — you’ll find there is more to getting the job than the piece of paper. Most rising crew will get the ticket before they are ready to assume the responsibility. Here is what crew agents and yacht owners have to say about what it takes to be a superyacht captain...

What is a Yacht Captain?

Simply put, a captain runs the vessel, in some ways like a CEO runs a business. He or she shoulders all the responsibility on board and reports directly to the owner or their representative. “The successful captains are all excellent leaders, able to set a common goal for their crew, and ensure motivation despite arduous seasons and long hours,” says Deborah Blazy, who, as general manager of Lighthouse Careers in Valbonne, France (near Antibes), specializes in placing captains. “Important character traits are to remain calm at all times but also to have the right sprinkle of charisma to keep crew morale and standards high.”

What Does a Yacht Captain do?

Driving the boat is just a small part of a captain’s job — many say the easiest part. Captains also hire and manage all other crew on board, plan and execute voyages around the owner’s and charter guests’ expectations, organize repairs and maintenance, control costs, and adhere to all international, flag, and port state regulations — all while providing personable, first-class service, and maintaining the highest levels of safety.

So the role requires a captain to be much more than a navigator; he or she is also part project manager, accountant, mechanic, human resources manager, concierge, and, most of all, chief problem solver. As Blazy puts it, they should have knowledge of the perfect anchorage, but also “have a direct dial to the most prestigious restaurants and be able to book the prime tables last minute.”

On smaller vessels, the captain will pitch in to assist in all roles on board, from changing the oil to washing the dishes. On larger yachts it is much more of an administrative position.

• M/Y Artefact: On Board with Capt. Aaron Clark

What Qualifications Do I Need to Become a Yacht Captain?

The captain must hold a license that is commensurate with the gross tonnage of the vessel and approved by the flag state. In addition, the yacht’s insurance company needs to be comfortable with the candidate’s experience and license and approve the hire. This is understandable when you consider that the underwriter is the biggest financial stakeholder in the vessel — on the hook for the cost of repairs or settlement if the captain makes a mistake.

Here are the licenses you will need to hold to become a yacht captain:

Vessels < 200GT

• RYA Yachtmaster Offshore (with Commercial Endorsement)
• or RYA Ocean Certificate of Competence (with Commercial Endorsement)
• or IYT Master of Yachts < 200T
• or MCA STCW Master (Yachts) < 200GT
• or USCG Operator Uninspected Passenger Vessel License (OUPV/Six-Pack) < 100GT (U.S. Green Card holders can apply)
• or USCG Master Inland/Near Coastal < 100GT (U.S. citizens only)
• or USCG Master 200 Ton Oceans (U.S. citizens only)

Vessels < 500GT

• MCA STCW Master (Yachts) < 500GT Certificate of Competence
• or USCG Master 500 Oceans or Near Coastal (U.S. citizens only)

Vessels < 3000GT

• MCA STCW Master (Yachts) < 3000GT Certificate of Competence
• or MCA Merchant Navy STCW Master < 3000GT
• or USCG Master 1600GT (U.S. citizens only)
• or USCG Master 3000GT (U.S. citizens only)

Vessels > 3000GT

• MCA STCW Master (Unlimited)
• or USCG Master Unlimited Oceans or Near Coastal (U.S. citizens only)
• or Marshall Islands Master of Yachts Unlimited

When it comes to the USCG licensing, Capt. Ted Morley, chief operations officer of Maritime Professional Training (MPT) , notes that it’s “important to make the distinction regarding charter vessels, ocean routes versus coastal, and the number of passengers on board. The waters get murky when you talk about some of the other requirements — such as PSCRB for yachts with lifeboats, DP for vessels that are equipped, ECDIS, ARPA, and a host of other specialty requirements that many Flag and Port states will require of masters on vessels in particular service, areas, or equipment.”  

What Experience Do I Need?

“I think a lot of mates with about five years of demanding sea experience and good work habits have the ability to be great captains,” says one owner, who has three large yachts.

The most important experience is time on yachts, as opposed to other types of vessels. “We have very little luck with a captain looking to join a yacht with zero yachting experience,” says Ian Pelham, director of Preferred Crew, a crew agency in Fort Lauderdale.

The yachting industry is quirky and far removed from the predictability of the commercial world. Pelham gives the example of a cruise ship, as he once ran a fleet personnel department for a cruise line: “A captain on a cruise ship has a number of perks, including a cabin steward who cleans the personal space of the captain, there will be mess stewards who will serve and clean up the crew areas for the officers. Generally there is solid rotation — you know exactly when you are to join and when you heading on vacation. When on vacation you do not get calls from the owner asking where you put the ‘good’ whisky when the cousins were aboard. On a yacht, even the big ones, the captain has to be ready to step in at any level, including cleaning up, to make sure the owner has a great time. Most commercial captains just have not had that kind of experience.”

Blazy adds, “[A commercial captain’s] experience is often best suited to the Passenger Code vessels over 3,000GT, where the duties and working conditions in terms of rotation are often similar. There is, however, a huge learning curve in terms of standards and customer expectations.” She recommends these captains gain experience on yachts before assuming the top role. “For the more junior candidates who are happy to start again from the lower ranks on board the yachts there is a big advantage; often they are bringing great transferable skills and relatively high tickets for the deck teams, and so are able to climb the ranks rapidly. Those with the ability to be flexible in terms of outlook and approach will always do well,” she says.

• The Best Superyacht Wheelhouses in the Business

What Do Owners Want?

“Owners are generally looking for someone who will give them the ultimate holiday experience while making them feel safe on board,” Blazy says.

When it comes to specifics though, each owner will want a captain that precisely fits with their vessel size and itinerary. “Different programs call for different personalities,” Pelham says. “I have seen captains who are extroverts, introverts, confrontational, compromising, joyful, serious, etc., who have each been very successful in their individual programs. I also believe that this is part of what makes a captain a fantastic fit for one program and a complete miss on another.”

Despite being some of the wealthiest people on the planet, most yacht owners care deeply about the costs, so financial accountability is a big part of being a successful captain.

“It’s a big responsibility for the captain to take care of the owner’s large asset. Good common sense is required,” says one large-yacht owner. “Fuel costs and dockage fees need constant awareness. Transiting the yacht at 12 knots instead of 22 knots from Nassau to Lauderdale protects the owner’s assets. Of course there are some owners who just don’t care about costs, but a majority do!”

This owner also expects his captain to spend time in the yard with the yacht, not consider it vacation time, in order to keep track of the yard’s billable hours, and to have some good mechanical knowledge so they can “withstand the salesmen/ consultants suggestions about replacing everything on your yacht.”

• M/Y Florentia: On Board with Capt. Andrea Franci

How Much Does a Captain Earn?

With the stress of responsibility comes monetary reward. A captain can earn an excellent salary, with longevity and vessel size generally having the biggest influence on just how excellent that salary is. But just as the yachting industry is unique, so is each boat and what it pays.

“(There is) no such thing as average, or industry standard,” maintains Pelham. “My team has placed a captain on a 35-meter paying more than $20,000 per month, day one, and on a 100-meter paying about $8,000 per month, day one. I know of captains earning around $4,000 per month and I know of at least one couple earning $30,000. The pay of the captain is completely dependent on what the owner and the captain both believe it is worth.”

Dockwalk’s Salary Survey does give some good guidelines though. In its most recent 2021 survey, crew agencies provided a range of salaries, from the low end on vessels below 80 feet: $5,000 to $10,000 per month; to the largest vessels over 280 feet: $23,000 to $28,000 per month. Numerous captains working on yachts from 60 to 179 feet also shared their salaries and the average from their responses in each vessel size category fell right in the middle of the range given by the agencies.

What is the Best Way to Land that First Position?

“Finding your first captain role is no easy task. There is always the stigma attached that you have not done it before and so are you capable?” Blazy says.

Pelham seconds this: “Our clients love to see that the captain has already done what they want them to do next. If the yacht is 50 meters, they want to see 50 meters on the CV. If they are planning a circumnavigation, they want to see a circumnavigation in their history,” he says.

• Where Next? Career Advancement for Yacht Captains

Of course, that isn’t good news for anyone looking for his or her first captain role. Pelham recommends emphasizing the experience on your resume that matches where you want to be. “Think about what you did as a mate on your previous yachts. Then pick those things that you will be doing as a captain on your next yacht, and highlight those aspects,” he says.

Blazy says the most common path on the bigger yachts is when the chief officer grows into the junior captain role, “moving forward steadily in terms of drive time and responsibility, covering for the senior captain while he is away. There is a mix of confidence and humility that is at play, and the timing will depend on the individual person and the owner’s expectations.”

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Classic feadship yacht ice bear up for bid at boathouse auctions.

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The Classic 1988 Feadship Ice Bear is up for bid with Boathouse Auctions. Well kitted out for ... [+] sportfishing, she is also a luxurious superyacht.

In 1988, a beautiful new Feadship yacht was built at the Dutch shipyard for Jim Moran. He named it Gallant Lady . Moran, an automotive entrepreneur, would go on to build scores of yachts, seven of which were Feadships. All of his Feadships shared the name Gallant Lady.

The fourth Feadship build in the Gallant Lady sequence, this particular edition gained not only length but also in detail far beyond her predecessors. Built with a relatively flat shear and raised bow to the main deck level, the most notable design detail would prove the vertical glass rimming the observation deck.

Ice Bear is a true sportfishing yacht, as illustrated by the two fixed fighting chairs backed up by ... [+] a gallery sofa for spectators, and a raising storage compartment behind the sofa to store and protect precious fishing rods and reels.

A Little History

Gallant Lady IV would later be renamed Ice Bear upon becoming the private yacht of Jim Scott, Jr., Chairman and CEO of construction and engineering firm Kiewit, and friend of Warren Buffet. Designed and built with all the expertise and craftsmanship expected of a Feadship, Ice Bear's classic design holds her own quite well with contemporary yachts.

Scott owned Ice Bear until his passing in September of 2021. Under his ownership, the yacht was exclusively used for private groups and was meticulously maintained, putting her in a class of her own with regard to condition.

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The upper deck observation lounge on the Feadship Ice Bear offers great views, comfy seating, and a ... [+] great spot for social gathering.

Ice Bear By The Numbers

Built with a steel hull, an aluminum superstructure, and teak decking, Ice Bear measures 170.6 feet (52 meters) in length with a 30.5 foot (9.6 meter) beam, weighing in at 614 GT. Two 1,175 hp Caterpillar engines drive Ice Bear to a maximum speed of 15 knots with a cruising speed of 13 knots. A true trans-Atlantic traveler, Ice Bear has a range of 4,850 nautical miles.

Interiors were originally designed by Paola Smith and Jan Moran. Ice Bear's five spacious cabins accommodate 10 guests, with a full beam main deck master suite embracing a study, seating area, and generous windows. Four additional cabins on the lower deck, two doubles and two twins, are also designed with seating areas and en suite baths. Crew accommodations secure berths for 11.

Ice Bear's upper deck saloon beckons for a film or a casual gathering, with plentiful seating, a big ... [+] screen, and lots of windows.

A sky lounge gives guests a panoramic perch even while underway. The observation lounge on the upper deck offers another option for gathering protected by expansive glazing and graced with a wide angle view. The main deck dining area in the main saloon is served by a full galley with generous work spaces, double oven, grill, stovetop hobs, double sink, spacious refrigeration, and ample storage.

The bridge deck has a large seating area perfect for cinema viewing, a discreet and convenient day head, captain's quarters, and the wheelhouse. The wheelhouse, while serving as command center to the captain and crew, also accommodates guests with a pair of elevated sofas with high tables.

Two fighting chairs on the aft main deck make for exciting action. The raised sofa seating gives the ... [+] gallery of spectators a great view while keeping them safe.

On the main aft deck, two fighting chairs take the spotlight, with raised sofa seating in a pleasant curve for keeping the spectacle in view. Behind the sofa, a hydraulic storage space rises to reveal the prized fishing rods and reels. For other water activities, a 28-foot Shamrock sportfisher sits transversely atop the upper deck. An 18- foot RIB tender is also on board.

Auction Details

Currently scheduled for opening bids on October 10 at 4 pm EDT with an October 15 hammer drop, registration for bidding is through Boathouse Auctions . Registration requires a bid deposit of $100,000. Opening bids are predicted between $3-4 million.

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California yacht with fireworks, ammo onboard sinks after bursting into flames, video shows

Marina del ray blaze caught on video as 2 passengers escape without injuries.

California luxury yacht sinks after catching fire

People gather to watch luxury yacht sink in Marina del Ray after it caught fire. (Credit: Emily Markus/TMX)

A luxury yacht that fire officials say was loaded with "1,000 rounds of unspent ammunition and fireworks" has been captured on video sinking at a marina in California after bursting into flames. 

The Los Angeles County Fire Department says the incident involving the 100-foot-long vessel happened Thursday night and two people onboard managed to escape without injuries. 

"According to [the] boat owner, 1,000 rounds of unspent ammunition and fireworks [were] onboard," the department wrote on X, before adding that the boat became "fully submerged." 

Video taken at the scene showed firefighters spraying the boat with hoses as the flames engulfed multiple decks.  

BALTIMORE BRIDGE VICTIMS’ FAMILIES FILING SUIT TO PREVENT SHIPOWNER FROM SHIRKING LEGAL LIABILITY  

A yacht sank in Marina del Ray on Thursday night following a fire, the Los Angeles County Fire Department says. (Los Angeles County Fire Department)

After part of the fire was extinguished, two people can be seen standing on a dock and watching the smoldering yacht go underwater. 

"I saw it fully engulfed in flames and like many of us living here heard an explosion and saw fireworks coming off it, and more flames and then walked down here and captured video of it," local resident Lynn Rose told NBC Los Angeles. 

SUPERYACHT VICTIMS' CAUSE OF DEATH WAS 'DEATH BY CONFINEMENT,' AUTOPSIES SHOW: REPORT  

People are seen standing on a dock in Marina del Ray watching the yacht go underwater. (Emily Markus/TMX )

The yacht was identified by the website Boat International as The Admiral, which it says was last listed for sale in 2018 for nearly $1 million. 

The ship has four cabins – each equipped with flatscreen televisions and en suite facilities – the website adds. 

At one point, the yacht, identified by Boat International as The Admiral, can be seen nearly fully submerged. (Emily Markus/TMX )

The Los Angeles County Fire Department says it is reviewing the cause of the fire. 

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A fire could be see raging at Marina del Ray as first responders rushed to the scene. (Emily Markus/TMX )

Coast Guard crews that arrived on scene installed around 2,000 feet of boom to contain nearly 4,000 gallons of diesel that leaked from the yacht during the fire, according to NBC Los Angeles.  

Greg Norman is a reporter at Fox News Digital.

Sailing yachts like Mike Lynch's are 'unsinkable bodies', CEO of boat manufacturing firm says

Bayesian superyacht which sank off Italy is an "unsinkable" vessel, Giovanni Costantino, CEO of The Italian Sea Group, said.

By Ashna Hurynag, news correspondent and Eleonora Chiarella, producer

Sunday 25 August 2024 08:48, UK

Vessels like Mike Lynch's stricken superyacht are "unsinkable", according to the chief executive of the firm which makes and sells them.

Giovanni Costantino, CEO of The Italian Sea Group, told Sky News there are no flaws with the design and construction of the Bayesian superyacht which capsized in a storm off the coast of Porticello, Sicily, on Monday.

Five bodies were found by divers on Wednesday - taking the number of confirmed dead to six.

The Italian Sea Group also owns the firm that built British tech tycoon Mr Lynch's Bayesian, and Mr Costantino said the vessels "are the safest in the most absolute sense".

"Being the manufacturer of Perini [boats], I know very well how the boats have always been designed and built," he said.

"And as Perini is a sailing ship... sailing ships are renowned to be the safest ever."

He said their structure and keel made them "unsinkable bodies".

Read more on this story: Why search of superyacht wreck has been so difficult Hero mum 'slept with baby on deck when storm sank yacht'

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Mr Costantino said news of the sinking "put me in a state of sadness on one side and of disbelief on the other".

"This incident sounds like an unbelievable story, both technically and as a fact," he said.

It is understood Italian prosecutors investigating the incident are continuing to hold interviews with the survivors.

On Tuesday they questioned the captain for more than two hours to help reconstruct what happened and provide useful technical details.

Four British inspectors are also in Porticello and have begun a preliminary assessment of events.

It is understood they will look at all relevant aspects of the incident, including the design, stability, and operation of the vessel. They will also examine the effects of the weather conditions experienced.

Keep up with all the latest news from the UK and around the world by following Sky News

Twenty-two people were on board the vessel, 15 of whom were rescued - including Briton Charlotte Golunski and her one-year-old daughter Sofia.

Divers will resume efforts on Thursday morning to bring ashore a body they found earlier. One more person remains missing.

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Equipped with ice-breaking technology, these huge fancy yachts are the only river cruisers running all year around. The round trip journey takes two and a half hours and floats past all the big sights like the White House, Novodevichy monastery and the Kremlin. There’s a large open air observation deck up top, while the main body of the ship houses a restaurant with a dance floor for a romantic post dinner dance. For a particularly romantic experience take one of the evening boats and admire the bright lights of the city skyline at night.

The most relaxing and picturesque tour that Moscow can offer: a great way to see the city center and its main attractions. This is a perfect alternative to exploring the city by car, if you only have time to do sightseeing during weekday rush hours.

Your English-speaking guide is eager to share every bit of their knowledge about the surrounding landscape, the architecture and historical details.

We conduct Moscow river tour on Radisson Flotilla boats all year around!  It’s warm inside during winter months, while there’s air conditioning during hot summer days. You may also treat yourself to drinks, lunch or dinner on board (drinks and food are not included in tour price).

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Terrifying moment super yacht loaded with 1,000 rounds of ammo & fireworks erupts into flames and sends rockets flying

• Britta Zeltmann , News reporter
• Published : 22:22, 20 Sep 2024
• Updated : 22:25, 20 Sep 2024
• Published : Invalid Date,

TERRIFYING footage has shown the moment a $1 million mega-yacht packed with 1,000 rounds of ammunition and fireworks erupted into flames.

The Admiral - a luxury 100-foot vessel - was docked at Marina del Rey in Los Angeles when the inferno broke out on Wednesday night.

Footage taken at around 8.30 p.m. showed rockets hurtling through the air as flames engulfed the twin-diesel-engine boat.

Thick black smoke could also be seen rising at speed, as terrified passersby watched on.

The yacht’s owner, who has not been identified, told firefighters that roughly 1,000 rounds of ammunition and fireworks were on board at the time.

Two passengers were also inside, but managed to escape uninjured.

“I saw it fully engulfed in flames and like many of us living here, heard an explosion and saw fireworks coming off it, and more flames and then walked down here and captured video of it,” witness Lynn Rose told NBC Los Angeles.

Firefighters raced to put out the flames, battling to control the blaze as fireworks shot from the deck.

"According to boat owner 1,000 rounds of unspent ammunition and fireworks onboard,'' the county fire department said in a statement Thursday morning.

"It’s a delicate balance with putting the fire out and not sinking the boat," Capt. Pono Barnes, of the LA County Fire Department added.

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"There are a lot of environmental hazards on the boat fuel oil what have you, and so we’re doing that delicate dance of putting the fire out but not sinking the vessel in the slip."

The super boat was said to be fueled by a propane source “complicating” firefighting efforts.

A boom barrier was set up to prevent debris, including diesel fuel, from polluting the water below.

But two hours later, the boat was seen leaning to its side, prompting officials to evacuate the area.

The battered and burnt yacht was seen sinking at around 10:30 p.m. as flames continued to sizzle below deck.

The Admiral was fueled with 4,000 gallons of diesel when it went down.

The U.S. Coast Guard carried out an environmental blitz on Thursday, testing air quality and tending to fuel spillage.

"What we do know is that the vessel capacity was 6,000 gallons. We do know that they fueled up with 4,000 gallons of diesel, but we still do not know how much fuel discharged out into the environment and how much remains still in the vessel," Lt. Cmdr. Omar Borges, of the U.S. Coast Guard said.

The Admiral, built in 1986, featured four cabins and could hold up to 10 guests with three crew members.

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It could reach speeds of of 18 knots (20 mph) and was listed for $985,000 in 2018, according to Boat International.

The cause of the fire, which is still unclear, is being investigated.

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